某大專院校學生靈性健康、知覺壓力與憂鬱之相關研究

黃惠貞

指導教授 ： 姜逸群

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2002年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究目的在了解大專生靈性健康、知覺壓力與憂鬱之相關性。本研究採靈性評估量表、生活型態評價問卷第二部分、貝克憂鬱量表第二版進行調查，以中國海事商業專科學校日間部全體學生為母群體，利用分層叢集抽樣法以得到研究樣本，採團體施測和自填式問卷進行資料的收集，共獲得有效樣本數373人，其重要發現如下：
一、研究對象的靈性健康與個人屬性（性別、運動習慣、經期困擾）、學校屬性（就讀學群）、人際關係（父親、母親、兄弟姊妹、同科系師長、同班同學、打工老闆、打工同事）等變項呈顯著相關。即研究對象為男生、有運動習慣者、無經期困擾者、就讀海事學群，以及與人際關係愈親密者，其靈性健康愈佳。
二、研究對象的知覺壓力與個人屬性（年齡、性別、經期困擾）、家庭屬性（居住狀況）、學校屬性（年級、就讀學群）、父母管教方式（父親整體而言、母親人際交友）、人際關係（父親、母親、兄弟姊妹、同科系師長、同班同學、打工同事）等呈顯著相關。即研究對象為年齡愈小者、男生、無經期困擾者、不與父母同住者、低年級、就讀海事學群、父母管教方式愈民主者，以及與人際關係愈親密者，其知覺壓力愈小。
三、研究對象的憂鬱與個人屬性（性別、運動習慣、經期困擾）、學校屬性（年級）、父母管教方式（父親學校課業、母親學校課業、母親人際交友、母親整體而言）、人際關係（母親、兄弟姊妹、同科系師長、同班同學、打工同事）等變項呈顯著相關。即研究對象為男生、有運動習慣者、無經期困擾者、低年級、父母管教方式愈民主者，以及與人際關係愈親密者，其憂鬱愈低。
四、研究對象的靈性健康與知覺壓力及憂鬱間均呈現顯著負相關，而知覺壓力與憂鬱間則呈現顯著正相關。靈性健康和知覺壓力對憂鬱的影響具有交互作用情形，憂鬱的多元迴歸預測公式為：「憂鬱（BDI-II總分）＝.60知覺壓力（LAQ-Part II總分）－.21靈性健康（SAS總分）」，靈性健康與知覺壓力共可解釋憂鬱總變異量的53﹪，以上結果顯示知覺壓力對憂鬱的預測力大於靈性健康，且在相同的知覺壓力水準下，正向的靈性健康具有降低憂鬱的效果，尤其是在知覺壓力愈大時，靈性健康對憂鬱的緩衝效果愈好。

關鍵字

靈性健康 ； 知覺壓力 ； 憂鬱 ； 大專生

並列摘要

Relationships between spiritual health, perceived stress
and depression in college students
A Master Thesis By Huang, Hui-chen
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to interpret the relationships between spiritual health, perceived stress and depression in college students. The instruments of the study were Spirituality Assessment Scale (SAS), Lifestyle Appraisal Questionnaire-Part II (LAQ-Part II) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The population was all students in the Day Division of China College of Marine Technology and Commerce (CCMTC). By using stratified cluster sampling method with a self-administrated questionnaire, 373 valid samples were collected. The findings were as follows:
1. The social demographical variables, including personal attributes (sex, exercise status and menstrual disturbance), school attribute (departments) and relationships (with parents, brothers or sisters, instructors, classmates, bosses and colleagues) were significantly correlated with spiritual health. The subjects who were male, taking exercise, having no menstrual disturbance, studying marine technology or having intimate relationships had more positively spiritual health.
2. The social demographical variables, including personal attributes (age, sex and menstrual disturbance), family attributes (living status), school attributes (grade and departments), parental disciplines (integral discipline from father and friend-related discipline from mother) and relationships (with parents, brothers or sisters, instructors, classmates and colleagues), were significantly correlated with perceived stress. The subjects who were younger, being male, not living at home, having no menstrual disturbance, being lower in grade, studying marine technology, democratic parental discipline or having intimate relationship had lower perceived stress.
3. The social demographical variables, including personal attributes (sex, exercise status and menstrual disturbance), school attribute (grade), parental disciplines (schoolwork discipline from father, schoolwork discipline from mother, friend-related discipline from mother and integral discipline from mother) and relationships (with mother, brothers or sisters, instructors, classmates and colleagues), were significantly correlated with depression. The subjects who were younger, being male, taking exercise, having no menstrual disturbance, being lower in grade, democratic parental discipline or having intimate relationships had lower depression.
4. Spiritual health had significantly negative correlation with perceived stress and depression. There was significantly positive correlation between perceived stress and depression. There was an interaction to depression between spiritual health and perceived stress. The predictable formula to depression was ”Depression（the score of BDI-II）＝.60 perceived stress（the score of LAQ-Part II）－.21 spiritual health（the score of SAS）”. Spiritual health and perceived health could explain 53﹪ of total variation. It indicated that perceived stress was a better predictor to depression than spiritual health; and the better spiritual health could reduce depression more effectively on a given level of perceived stress. The higher the perceived stress was, the better the depression can be buffered by the spiritual health.

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