晚期兒童之環境知覺與踢球動作支撐腳參數：身體比率

Perceived Environment and Measures of Kicking Support Leg in Later Childhood：Body Scaled Ratio

彭國威(Wayne Guo-wei Peng)

指導教授 ： 卓俊伶

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

根據生態心理學之直接知覺觀點，認為動作者的動作表現是知覺—行動結合機制，且有環境賦使潛能，參照環境訊息與個體身體比率直接引發動作。本研究旨在檢驗不同腿長對踢球動作支撐腳位置的影響，並探究腿長與支撐腳位置和球體之比率與參數的效應。本研究實驗參加者共66名，分為短腿組與長腿組各33人，平均年齡分別為10.7歲與11.0歲，平均腿長分別為71.9公分與85.3公分，每位實驗參加者皆操作定點踢球5次，蒐集其支撐腳之橫軸與矢狀軸的距離，並將所蒐集之資料與腿長和球體直徑等數值進行比值計算，獲得比率與參數。經獨立樣本t考驗結果發現：(一)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童支撐腳位置之橫軸距離無差異；腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童支撐腳位置之矢狀軸距離有差異；(二)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之橫軸與矢狀軸距離對腿長有一相對比率，分別為0.20、0.22與0.41、0.43，且此比率皆無差異；(三)腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之橫軸距離與球體直徑有一相對比率，分別為0.78，0.85，且該相對比率無差異；腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童之矢狀軸距離與球體直徑有一相對比率，分別是1.44、1.78，該相對比率有差異；與(四)球體直徑對腿較短與腿較長晚期兒童橫軸與矢狀軸距離和腿長比值各有一相對參數，分別為96.20公分、105.99公分與60.07公分、55.45公分，且該參數間無差異。
關鍵詞：身體比率、直接知覺、環境賦使、知覺—行動結合、定點踢球。

關鍵字

身體比率 ； 直接知覺 ； 環境賦使 ； 知覺--行動結合 ； 定點踢球

並列摘要

From the perspective of direct perception in ecological psychology, an actor’s performance is resulted from perception-action coupling mechanism, and is based on affordance talent, that refer to the environmental information and intrinsic measures body-scaled. This study was designed to examine effects of leg-lengths on the locations of the supporting leg, and to investigate the ratios and parameters of supporting leg-lengths and ball’s diameter. Sixty-six children in later childhood served as participants, among them, 33 participants for each short-leg group and long-leg group. Average ages were 10.7 and 11.0 year-old, and leg length average were 71.9 and 85.3 cm., respectively. All the participants were asked to kick a placed ball for 5 trials and selected the distance of frontal axis (f-a) and sagittal axis (s-a) of support leg, then leg lengths and diameter for scaled ratios and parameters were calculated. t-tests showed that (1) short-leg and long-leg children’s f-a distance of supporting leg on different, but s-a distance aspect was different, (2) short-leg and long-leg children’s related ratios of f-a and s-a distance to leg-length were 0.20, 0.22 and 0.41, 0.43, respectively, but the ratios were no different, (3) short-leg and long-leg children’s related ratios of f-a distance to diameter were 0.78 and 0.85, respectively, but the ratio was on different; the ratios of s-a distance to diameter was different, which were 1.44 and 1.78, and (4) the relative parameters of diameter to f-a and s-a distance and leg-length related ratios were 96.20cm., 105.99cm. and 60.07cm., 55.45cm., respectively, but the relative parameters were no different.
Keywords: body scaled ratio, direct perception, affordance, perception-action coupling, placed kicking.

並列關鍵字

body scaled ratio ； direct perception ； affordance ； perception-action coupling ； placed kicking

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