優秀鉛球選手旋轉式與背向滑步式投擲技術之運動生物力學分析

The Biomechanical Analysis of Rotational and Glide Shot put Technique

彭賢德(Hsiente Peng)

指導教授 ： 黃長福

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究的目的：藉由運動生物力學之3D攝影分析法，（一）分析國內採用旋轉式鉛球投擲技術與背向滑步式鉛球投擲技術之優秀鉛球選手運動學參數，比較其差異。（二）與一些採用旋轉式鉛球投擲技術與背向滑步式鉛球投擲技術的世界級選手之運動學參數互相比較。方法：使用3D攝影分析，兩台Redlake高速數位攝影機（125Hz）同步截取記錄鉛球選手的三維投擲動作資料。所得的影像資料由Kwon3D 3.0動作分析系統進行直間線性轉換（DLT）與各運動學參數的運算。結論：國內選手旋轉式投擲開始的準備動作和傳遞動作無法提高鉛球的速度，是影響投擲出手速度的最主要因素；旋轉式投擲動作較佳的選手，傾向於有較大的轉矩表現；投擲表現較佳的選手，在最後用力階段會有較大的鉛球速度改變；旋轉式投擲動作獲得較背向滑步式投擲動作多的身體角動量。建議：在旋轉式投擲技術方面－開始準備階段就要加速鉛球；扭轉他們的軀幹以預先伸展肌肉群；在傳遞期和最後用力期增加鉛球的速度改變。在背向滑步式投擲技術方面－儘量提高在右腳第一次離地的鉛球速度；增加滑步後進入傳遞階段的流暢性，以利於加速鉛球。

關鍵字

旋轉式鉛球投擲技術 ； 運動生物力學 ； 3D攝影分析

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze performances of two male shot-putters who use the rotational and glide technique, to compare the two techniques and to compare them with world-level shot-putters. Three-dimensional analysis method was used. Method: Two Redlake high-speed digital cameras (125Hz) were genlocked to record the three-dimensional shot put motions. The images were digitized by KWON 3D motion analysis system. Conclusions: The main factor affecting the subjects’ releasing velocities is that their rotational throwing movements of preparation and delivery cannot increase the shot velocities. Better shot-putter who used rotational technique prone to have larger toque. A shot-putter who had better performance had larger velocity-change at thrusting. Rotational technique got more angular momentum of body than glide technique. Suggestions: In rotational technique aspect: Accelerating the shot from the preparative duration. Increasing the velocity-change in the duration of delivery and thrusting. In glide technique aspect: Increasing the velocity of the shot at left foot first breaking the contact of the ground. Enhancing the fluency during delivery to accelerate the shot.

並列關鍵字

rotational shot put technique ； throwing ； biomechanics