我國教師罷教權法制爭議之研究

Study on the controversial of the legal system of our teachers' strike right

張瓊月(Chang,Chiung Yueh)

指導教授 ： 紀俊臣

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/政治學研究所在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

論文題目：我國教師罷教權法制爭議之研究
校所名稱：國立臺灣師範大學政治學研究所
畢業時間：2005年8月
研究生姓名：張瓊月 指導教授：紀俊臣 博士
論文摘要：
長久以來，教師之勞動三權在我國一直被立法壓抑，然而這種立法剝奪教師之勞動三權有無違背憲法保障基本人權之意旨，卻一直未受到法界應有的重視。教育主管機關一再以學生學習權受侵害作為禁止罷教之理由時，教師工作權益之保障，無疑成為法律空白最不受重視的地方。
事實上，在學習權與憲法第23條公共利益的迷思下，教師已成為被犧牲的祭品，教師連最基本的組織工會的權利都被以此為理由一起被立法剝奪了，彷彿教師罷教就會影響公共安全。到底公共安全的界線在哪裡？教師罷教權之權利性質為何？當罷教權與學生學習權發生權利衝突時，究竟應以何者為優先？憲法第23條之公共利益的衡量標準是什麼？難道教師罷教就真的會影響公共安全？國際組織及國外立法例上對公共利益有無客觀衡量標準？在立法上是否須區別一般勞工之罷工與教師之罷教？二者之標準寬嚴需否不同？等問題逐一加以討論。
最後，在符合憲法保障基本人權之意旨下，透過法理上嚴謹審慎的檢視各項剝奪教師勞動三權之理由，讓教師之勞動三權的範圍及其行使受到法律之正當規範，以健全整體法制，並建構出合時、合憲的教師勞動制度。

【關鍵字】罷教權、勞動三權、學生學習權、基本人權

關鍵字

罷教權 ； 勞動三權 ； 學生學習權 ； 基本人權

並列摘要

Thesis topic: Study on the controversial of the legal system of our
teachers’ strike right

School name: National Taiwan Normal University, Graduate Institute of
Political Science

Graduation time: Aug. 2005

Graduate name: Chang, Chiung Yueh
Instructing professor: PhD Chi, Chun-chen

Abstracts of the thesis:

For a long time, teachers’ three basic labor rights have been depressed by legislation in our nation. However, this legislation deprives teachers’ three basic labor rights. Whether it violates the will of our Constitution, protecting the basic human rights, has never been stressed by our legal field. The executive agency of education has been using the reason, saying students’ learning right to be infringed, to prohibit teaching strike. It is doubtless that the protection of teachers’ work right & benefit becomes legal emptiness and the most neglected portion.

In fact, under the “miss” of learning right and the public benefit of the Constitution Article 23, teachers have become the sacrificial offering. Teachers’ most basic right, organizing a union, has been deprived by legislation together with this reason. It seems that if teachers have a strike, the public safety will be affected. What on earth is the side line of public safety? What are the characteristics of teachers’ strike right? When the strike right has conflicts with students’ learning right, what is the priority? What is the measurement standard of public benefit stipulated in the Constitution Article 23? Will teachers’ strike really have influence over public safety? Is there any objective measurement standard for public benefit in view of the examples from international organizations and overseas legislation? On legislation, is it necessary to discriminate the strikes between generic laborers and teachers? Should the standard strictness be different? These issues are to be discussed one by one.

Finally, in compliance with the will that the Constitution protects the basic human rights and via strict and deliberate examination over the reasons of depriving teachers’ three basic labor rights, it is hoped that the scope of teachers’ three basic labor rights and the implementation should have proper regulation legally in order to establish a wholly sound legal system and organize a timely and Constitution-complied labor system for teachers.

Key words: teachers’ strike right, three basic labor rights, students’
learning right, basic human rights.

並列關鍵字

teacher' strike right ； three basic labor rights ； students' learning right ； basic human rights

參考文獻

許慶雄（1991），《社會權論》，台北：眾文。

許慶雄（1992），《憲法入門》，台北：月旦。

《國立台北師範學院學報》，第17卷第1期，頁459-491。

林紀東（1998），《中華民國憲法逐條釋義》，台北：三民。

鄭惠娟（2004），《我國教師身分保障之研究》，國立台灣師範大學政治學研究所博士論文，未出版。