大台北地區青少年參與藝文活動現況及其阻礙因素之調查研究

Investigation and Study of the Participation of Artistic and Cultural Activities and Leisure Constraints of the Artistic and Cultural Activities for Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area

陳琦媛

指導教授 ： 張樹倫

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/公民教育與活動領導學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

大台北地區青少年參與藝文活動現況及其阻礙因素之調查研究
摘 要
為了提高國內從事藝文活動的人口，以提昇國民素質，本研究乃從可塑性高之青少年休閒活動來談起，欲探討大台北地區青少年在休閒時間參與藝文活動的現況及不參與藝文活動的因素。本研究的主要目的如下：
一、瞭解大台北地區青少年參與藝文活動的現況。
二、探討大台北地區青少年參與藝文活動的阻礙因素。
三、探討不同個人背景變項(性別、教育程度、居住地區、家庭藝文經驗)之青少年對於藝文活動參與及阻礙因素之差異情形。
四、研擬推動青少年從事藝文活動之建議事項，以供家庭、學校及教育單位、政府相關單位等推展青少年藝文活動之參考。
本研究採問卷調查法，以分層叢集取樣方式，抽取台北縣市公立國中、高中、高職學生，共1291名學生，研究工具為研究者自編之「大台北地區青少年參與藝文活動現況與阻礙因素問卷」，將問卷所得資料加以量化後，利用描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、薛費法事後比較、皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法將資料分析，並進行討論。

本研究主要研究發現如下：
一、大台北地區青少年藝文活動參與之現況：
藝文活動參與率偏低。在參與藝文活動的類型上，最常參與的前三項為：「電影」、「一般性展覽」、「現代音樂」。參與藝文活動時的友伴多以「同學、好友」等同儕團體為對象。交通方式，最常使用的為「捷運」，其次為「公車」。資訊獲得的管道，最常為「電視」、其次為「網路」、再者為「報紙」。
二、大台北地區青少年藝文活動之阻礙因素
經因素分析後，得大台北地區青少年在藝文活動的阻礙七大因素為：「個人價值觀」、「設施與環境」、「外在資訊及資源」、「社會角色」、「社會網路及重要他人影響」、「金錢與購票因素」、「勝任感」。而「金錢問題」是青少年參與藝文活動時，最大的藝文活動阻礙。
三、不同個人背景變項之大台北地區青少年藝文活動參與之差異及影響情形
1.不同性別之大台北地區青少年在「整體藝文活動」及「流行音樂演唱會」、「電影」、「美術及文物類展覽」、「舞蹈」、「現代戲劇」、「現代音樂」等各類型的藝文活動層面有顯著差異。
2. 不同教育程度之大台北地區青少年在「流行音樂演唱會」、「電影」、「一般性 展覽」、「美術及文物類展覽」、「現代戲劇」、「傳統戲劇與民俗陣頭」等六類型的藝文活動層面有顯著差異。
3.不同居住地區之大台北地區青少年在「電影」、「一般性展覽」、「美術及文物類展覽」三類型的藝文活動層面有顯著差異。
4.不同家庭藝文經驗之大台北地區青少年在參與「整體藝文活動」及其他各類型藝文活動皆有顯著差異。
四、不同個人背景變項之大台北地區青少年藝文活動阻礙因素之差異情形
1.不同性別之大台北地區青少年在「整體藝文活動阻礙」及各項藝文活動阻礙因素上，皆有顯著差異。
2.不同教育程度之大台北地區青少年在「整體藝文活動阻礙」上無顯著差異，但在「社會角色」、「金錢與購票因素」、「勝任感」等三項藝文活動阻礙因素上，有顯著差異。
3.不同居住地區之大台北地區青少年在「整體藝文活動阻礙」及「外在資訊與資源」、「勝任感」兩項藝文活動阻礙因素上有顯著的的差異
4.不同家庭藝文經驗之大台北地區青少年在「整體藝文活動阻礙」及各項藝文活動阻礙因素上有顯著的的差異。
最後，根據研究結果，針對家庭、學校及教育單位、政府相關單位及後續研究方面提出具體建議，以供未來推展青少年藝文活動及後續相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 藝文活動 ； 休閒阻礙

並列摘要

Investigation and Study of the Participation of Artistic and Cultural Activities and Leisure Constraints of the Artistic and Cultural Activities for Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area

Abstract

The primary goal of present research is to investigate the current trend for teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area in participating artistic and cultural activities in their leisure time and the factors of leisure constraints. In current study, the methods of questionnaires and the methods of statistics including descriptive statistics, t test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe method, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation are employed for data analysis and discussion.

According to present study, I found:

1.The rate of participation of artistic and cultural activities for teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area is relatively low. The three activities with most participation are movies, general exhibition, and modern music. They usually go with their classmates and friends. Rapid Transit Systems is the most commonly used transportation and bus is the next commonly used one. The most commonly used information channel is television followed by internet and newspaper.

2.There are seven factors of leisure constraints that prevent teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area from participating the artistic and cultural activities, i.e., personal value, equipments, facilities and leisure environment, external information and resources, social roles, social network and the influence of significant others, money and the factors to purchase the tickets, and the competence. Money is the key leisure constraints for teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area to participate the artistic and cultural activities.

3.Teenagers with different genders in Taipei Metropolitan Area demonstrate significant difference in participating general artistic and cultural activities, pop music concerts, movies, art exhibition, dance, modern opera, and modern music, etc.

4.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area with different educational background show significant difference in participating pop music concerts, movies, general exhibition, art exhibition, modern opera, and traditional opera and events.
5.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area living in different areas reveal significant difference in participating movies, general exhibition, and art exhibitions.

6.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area from different families with varied artistic and cultural experiences display significant difference in participating general artistic and cultural activities and other related artistic and cultural activities.

7.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area with different genders demonstrate significant differences in leisure constraints of general artistic and cultural activities and the factors of the leisure constraints in every artistic and cultural activity.

8.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area with different educational background exhibit no significant differences in leisure constraints of general artistic and cultural activities. However, they show significant differences in social roles, money and the factors to purchase the tickets, and competence.

9.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area living in different areas reveal significant differences in leisure constraints of general artistic and cultural activities as well as external information and resources and competence which are two out of seven factors for leisure constraints.

10.Teenagers in Taipei Metropolitan Area from different families with varied artistic and cultural experiences display significant differences in general artistic and cultural activities and the leisure constraints of artistic and cultural activities.

Finally, according to the results of current study, I proposed conclusive suggestions served as references for promoting and expanding the participation of the artistic and cultural activities of teenagers in the future and for future research to families, schools, and related educational and governmental authorities.

並列關鍵字

teenagers ； the artistic and cultural activities ； leisure constraints