社區老人睡眠品質.失眠類型與求助方式之探討-以台北市基督長老教會松年大學為例

曾齡慧

指導教授 ： 姜逸群

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

摘 要本研究之主要目的在於瞭解老人的睡眠品質現況，並探討睡眠品質與個人背景因素之關係，以及比較不同失眠類型患者之睡眠品質與求助方式的差異。研究是以台北市基督長老教會所屬的松年大學五十五歲以上全體學員為母群體，採立意取樣，主要利用自填問卷方式進行資料收集，若自覺填答困難者則採面對面訪談以進行收集資料。於90年9月4日進行調查，有效問卷為219份，佔回收的93.6﹪。其重要研究結果歸納如下：一、 睡眠品質不良者（PSQI≧5分）超過七成以上（72.6﹪）而屬於具有良好睡眠品質者（PSQI≦5）僅占將近三成（27.4﹪）；整體睡眠品質得分之平均值為7.03分，顯示多數的受訪對象其睡眠品質是屬於「不佳」的情況。其中以「入睡潛伏期過長」是為受訪對象最普遍的睡眠困擾。而使用助眠藥物以幫助睡眠的受訪對象佔三成以上（32.4﹪），研究對象使用處方或非處方安眠藥物的情形相當普遍。二、 不同「年齡」、「規律運動」、「婚姻狀況」以及「居住狀況」之研究對象在睡眠品質上無顯著差異。而「睡眠衛生習慣愈差」、「女性」、「罹患慢性疾病總數愈多」以及「社經地位愈低」之研究對象，其睡眠品質愈差，對於睡眠品質之解釋力為37.4﹪。三、 罹患失眠症之受訪對象約佔三成以上（33.3﹪），以「暫時性失眠症」佔多數（16.9﹪）。睡眠品質之「使用助眠藥物」、「白天功能失常」以及「睡眠品質得分」等部份，「短期失眠症患者」與「慢性失眠症患者」比「暫時失眠症患者」的表現差。四、失眠症患者在經歷睡眠困擾時所採取的求助方式，以採取自我協助方式（98.6﹪）為主，其次為專業方式（61.6﹪），而民俗方式則無人採用。而不同失眠類型研究對象在「自我協助」與「專業方式」之求助方式未有顯著差異。 根據研究結果，提出重視老人的睡眠問題，成立專屬的睡眠問題諮詢管道、針對高危險群提供合適的睡眠衛生教育與相關課程、對於不同失眠類型患者給予適切睡眠衛生教育，以及提供失眠藥物方面之藥物教育等建議，以作為未來老人睡眠衛生教育之參考。 The sleep quality, types of insomnia and help-seeking methods of the elder in senior college of Taipei Presbyterian church A Master Thesis by Lin-Hui Tseng Abstract The main purpose of this study was to investigate the current sleep quality of the elderly, to explore its relationship with demorgraphic characteristics, and to compare the differences on sleep quality and help-seeking methods among different types of insomniacs. The purposive sampling was designed. The data were collected from 234 individuals in senior colleges of Taipei Presbyterian church by self-administrated or interview on September 2000. The following conclusions were drawn from the study.（1） There were 72.6﹪of subjects classified the poor sleepers（PSQI≧5分）, and 27.4﹪of subjects classified the good sleepers（PSQI≦5）.The average PSQI global score of total subjects was 7.03. The result indicated that sleep quality of most subjects was not good. The most serious problem is the increasing of sleep latency makes hard to sleep. And there were 32.4﹪of subjects used sleeping medications. The finding indicated that the phenomena of subjects’ using prescribed or non-prescribed medications was common.（2） The subjects in the different age, regular exercise, marriage and living conditions were not significantly correlated to their sleep quality. While the worse level of sleep hygiene, female, the more number of chronic diseases and the lower socioeconomic status the subjects were, the worse sleep quality they showed. The sleep hygiene, sex, the number of chronic diseases and the socioeconomic status could explain 37.4﹪variation of sleep quality.（3） Above thirty percentage of subjects（33.3﹪） was insomniac. Most insomniacs were classified short-term insomniacs.（16.9﹪）. There were significant differences of using sleeping-medications, daytime dysfunction and the PSQI global score among chronic insomniacs, short-term insomniacs and transient insomniacs.（4） Most insomniacs（98.6﹪） used self-care methods to improve their sleep quality. And no one would use folk methods to do so. There were no significant differences of self-care methods and folk methods among chronic insomniacs, short-term insomniacs and transient insomniacs. Based on the main results of this research, the researcher proposed several suggestions and expected that these suggestions would be useful to sleep health education of the elderly.

關鍵字

睡眠品質 ； 失眠類型 ； 求助方式

並列摘要

The sleep quality, types of insomnia and help-seeking methods of the elder in
senior college of Taipei Presbyterian church
A Master Thesis
by
Lin-Hui Tseng
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the current sleep quality of
the elderly, to explore its relationship with demorgraphic characteristics,
and to compare　the differences on sleep quality and help-seeking methods
among different types of insomniacs. The purposive sampling was designed. The
data were collected from 234 individuals in senior colleges of Taipei
Presbyterian church by self-administrated or interview on September 2000. The
following conclusions were drawn from the study.
（1） There were 72.6﹪of subjects classified the poor sleepers（PSQI≧5分）,
and 27.4﹪of subjects classified the good sleepers（PSQI≦5）.The average PSQI
global score of total subjects was 7.03. The result indicated that sleep
quality of most subjects was not good. The most serious problem is the
increasing of sleep latency makes hard to sleep. And there were 32.4﹪of
subjects used sleeping medications. The finding indicated that the phenomena
of subjects’ using prescribed or non-prescribed medications was common.
（2） The subjects in the different age, regular exercise, marriage and living
conditions were not significantly correlated to their sleep quality. While the
worse level of sleep hygiene, female, the more number of chronic diseases and
the lower socioeconomic status the subjects were, the worse sleep quality they
showed. The sleep hygiene, sex, the number of chronic diseases and the
socioeconomic status could explain 37.4﹪variation of sleep quality.
（3） Above thirty percentage of subjects（33.3﹪） was insomniac. Most
insomniacs were classified short-term insomniacs.（16.9﹪）. There were
significant differences of using sleeping-medications, daytime dysfunction and
the PSQI global score among chronic insomniacs, short-term insomniacs and
transient insomniacs.
（4） Most insomniacs（98.6﹪） used self-care methods to improve their sleep
quality. And no one would use folk methods to do so. There were no significant
differences of self-care methods and folk methods among chronic insomniacs,
short-term insomniacs and transient insomniacs.
Based on the main results of this research, the researcher proposed several
suggestions and expected that these suggestions would be useful to sleep
health education of the elderly.

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