摘要 本研究之目的在探討父母參與學齡前兒童遊戲之不同程度、不同內容和時間長短對學齡前兒童基本動作能力之影響,以立意取樣方式選取新竹地區兩所幼稚園五個中班,再依據其社經地位以系統化抽樣選取48對父母之學齡前兒童作為基本動作能力測量之研究對象,並將4名基本動作能力分數低於一個標準差之資料予以剔除,本研究之樣本為44對父母及其學齡前兒童(男24名、女20名)。其次以自編「家長參與幼兒遊戲問卷調查表」和「基本動作能力之測量工具」進行資料蒐集及基本動作能力測量,並根據資料分別進行描述統計、t考驗、Pearson積差相關、變異數分析及邏輯斯迴歸等統計方法,進行資料的統計與分析,得到以下結論:(一)學齡前兒童基本動作能力並沒有因個人因素的「性別」、「年齡」變項所影響;而個人因素的「排行」變項則與其基本動作能力之關係最顯著(F= 4.72;p<.05);(二)「父母參與之程度」與其基本動作能力之關係最為顯著(r=-.28),顯示父母參與程度越高,則學齡前兒童的基本動作能力越差;(三)「父母參與之內容」與其基本動作能力之關係最為顯著(r=.29),顯示父母參與活動量越高的遊戲,則學齡前兒童的基本動作能力越佳;(四)學齡前兒童基本動作能力與遊戲時間長短無關;(五)個人因素中的「年齡」、「排行」、「獨自遊戲內容」以及父母參與因素中的「參與遊戲程度」、「參與遊戲內容」等五個變項,可有效預測學齡前兒童基本動作能力的發展。本研究結果發現父母參與學齡前兒童遊戲之程度和內容對其基本動作能力有顯著的影響,依此研究結果提出具體建議,供父母、幼教機構及未來研究之參考。
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parental participation on children play with different participation level, content and time on children’s fundamental motor development ability. The five middle classes of two kindergartens in Shin-Chu were selected purposively. Fourth-eight children were selected systematically in accordance with parents' socioeconomic status, to screen out 4 children whose fundamental motor development ability was one standard deviation from the norm. Forty-four parents and their children served as the participants of this study. “Questionnaire of parental participation in children play and fundamental motor development ability tools” were used. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlation, t- test, single factor ANOVA, logistic regression were used to analyze the data collected. The major results were as follows: (1)Significant difference was found in “ the ranking of all siblings” within person variables ( F= 4.72; p< .05), but no significant difference was found in “ sex” and “ age”; (2)“ Parental participation level“ was significantly related to the children’s fundamental motor development ability (r=-.28); (3)“ Parental participation content“ was significantly related to the children’s fundamental motor development ability (r= .29); (4)“ Parental participation time“ was not significantly related to the children’s fundamental motor development ability; (5)“ The ranking of all siblings”, “age” and “ singly play content” within person variables, and “ participation level” and “ participation of content” within parental participation variables could predict the childhood’s fundamental motor development ability. Parental participation level and content were significantly related to the children’s fundamental motor development ability. Based on the findings, suggestions were provided to parents and kindergarten teachers.