舞蹈休閒活動參與歷程之研究

Research of the Process of Participation in Dance Recreation Activities

盧心炎(Lu Hsin-Yan)

指導教授 ： 王宗吉

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究目的在於探討從事舞蹈休閒活動之參與歷程，研究對象為從事舞蹈休閒活動之臺北縣公立國民中學教師，為了實際瞭解國民中學教師之間對舞蹈休閒活動不同的認知與影響參與之外在因素、不同的舞蹈休閒活動自由感體驗之內在因素，以及國民中學教師對參與舞蹈休閒活動的重要性與休閒效益的情形，本研究採用標準化開放式的訪談方式來搜集資料與分析，來探討教師對於舞蹈休閒活動之體驗以及參與歷程的關係，結果發現：
一、國中教師選擇參與舞蹈休閒活動之認知與外在因素之影響：教師在參與舞蹈休閒活動的自我期許與習慣，以及對舞蹈休閒活動之認知已臻成熟，並能親身實踐參與，對自身的生活品質、體適能以及健康要求已能逐漸提昇；影響教師選擇參與舞蹈休閒活動之外在因素有天候、環境、朋友、性別、職等與家庭；而因為教師在學校所扮演的任務角色不同，以及對婚姻家庭的經營與責任，「職等」以及「家庭」是教師較無法克服之外在影響因素。
二、國中教師參與舞蹈休閒活動之自由感體驗：在「勝任感」的部分，參與教師能以技巧高、經驗多、參與動機強的能力去克服從事舞蹈休閒活動所遇到的困難與挑戰；在「控制感」的部分，教師感覺到自己對整個舞蹈休閒活動的過程及結果能有所影響，而在跳舞的體驗中有控制感時，也就會有自由的感覺；在「投入程度」的部分，教師非常投入於舞蹈休閒活動時會感到興奮與自我激勵，不容易受到外界環境的影響限制與干擾，教師即有高度之自由感體驗；在「遊戲性程度」的部分，教師在參與跳舞過程之中有很大的自由感覺時，才會有自發的心情、行為與動作來產生遊戲性的情形。
三、國中教師參與舞蹈休閒活動之重要性及其效益：參與舞蹈休閒活動對教師而言，已經成為生活的重心與每天的「例行工作」，是一種重要而且不可或缺的休閒活動；參與舞蹈休閒活動的效益，不但在教師個人的心理生理有所助益之外，對工作、教學，以至於家庭生活都有著正面的影響；在參與後的滿意程度方面，國中教師對目前所參與之舞蹈休閒活動皆能感到滿意的狀態。
此外，國中教師對於目前國內以及所參與舞蹈休閒活動的軟硬體設施與環境，皆有場地時間不方便及限制之詬病，並且積極的對於現有的舞蹈休閒環境做出了具有建設性的建議，包括學校應重視並且多舉辦跳舞的活動、成立屬於教師之舞蹈休閒社團、大力推廣提倡舞蹈課程之研習等等。

關鍵字

舞蹈休閒活動 ； 休閒體驗 ； 休閒參與 ； 自由感

並列摘要

Abstract
This study’s goal lies in investigating the progress of participating in dance recreation activities. The research objects of this study are the Taipei County’s public junior high school teachers who are engaged in dance recreation activities. This study seeks to realistically understand the different kinds of recognition of dance recreation activities by public junior high school teachers and the external factors influencing their participation. It also seeks to understand the internal factors of the experience of perceived freedom from different dance recreation activities, and the importance and beneficial results of relaxing for public junior high school teachers when participating in dance recreation activities. This study uses a standardized open-ended questionnaire to collect and analyze data, and then investigates the relationship of teachers experiencing dance recreation activities and the progress of their participation. The results found:
1.) The influence of external factors and knowledge of junior high school teachers who choose to participate in dance recreation activities: The personal hopes and habits of teachers participating in dance recreation activities and the recognition of becoming mature can allow them to personally practice and participate in the enhancement of personal life quality, physical fitness and health needs. The external factors influencing teachers’ choices to participate in dance recreation activities are weather, environment, friends, gender, occupation, and family. Also, because the assigned roles played by teachers in school are different and because of the conduct and responsibilities of marriage in the family, “occupation” and “family” are external factors of influence that teachers cannot surmount.
2.) Public junior high school teachers’ experience of perceived freedom when participating in dance recreation activities: In the “feeling of qualification” section, teachers who participate have high abilities and skills, plentiful experience, and strong motives for participating. They also have the abilities to overcome the difficulties and challenges they encounter when engaging themselves in dance recreation activities. In the “feeling of control” section, the teachers feel that the influence of the processes and results of the complete dance recreation activities and the feeling of control when experiencing dance can give them perceived freedom. In the “process of plunging in” section, when teachers fully plunge themselves into dance recreation activities, they will feel excited and personally invigorated. It is not easy to be effected by the restrictions and interference of the influence of the outside world. When teachers are in the process of participating in dance, they have significant perceived freedom before having spontaneous moods. Their behavior and movements also produce playful moods.
3.) The importance and results of junior high school teachers participating in dance recreation activities: To the teachers who participate in dance recreation activities, the activities have already become a “Routine Task” in the center of their everyday lives. It is a kind of important recreational activity that cannot be neglected. The results of participating in dance recreation activities not only are helpful for teachers’ personal psychobiology, they also have positive influence on jobs, teaching, and family lifestyles. In the aspect of degree of satisfaction after participation, all of the junior high school teachers felt satisfied with the current dance recreation activities that they participated in.
Currently, domestic junior high school teachers all have the same complaint that the location and times are inconvenient for hardware and software facilities and environments for participating in dance recreation activities. Also by actively making constructive suggestions for existing dance recreation activities, including what the schools should place importance on and how many activities should be held, this can bring about teachers’ dance recreation groups exerting great efforts to popularize and advocate the research and study of dance curriculum.

並列關鍵字

Dance Recreation Activities ； Leisure Experience ； Leisure Participation ； Perceived Freedom