月經週期與月經症候群對大專排球選手運動表現之影響

Influence Of Menstrual Cycle phases and Menstrual Symptoms On The Sport Performance of College Volleyball Players

吳燕珊(Wu Yen-Shan)

指導教授 ： 方進隆

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

摘要
本研究目的在於探討月經週期與月經症候群對排球選手短時間運動表現的影響。研究方法：19位月經正常且無服用口服避孕藥的大專甲組排球員，經過兩個月的基礎體溫及月經症狀程度表調查，依月經症狀程度分成正常組和月經症候群組(年齡20.4±1.1歲，身高167.3±5.4公分，體重60.3±8.3公斤)。每位受試者分別在行經期(開始行經的48小時內：M)、濾泡期(開始行經的第1天算起，7-9天：F)、排卵期(開始行經的第13-15天：O)、黃體期(開始行經的第19-21天： L)和經前期(開始行經前的48小時：PM)，使用對抗平衡次序，進行有關短時間無氧運動(立姿下蹲後起跳-Counter-movement jump、Wingate 無氧動力、Illinois敏捷力)、心理層面全身反應時間之測驗。月經週期之週期面經由天數計算、基礎體溫和雌激素確認加以判定。各項資料採變異數混合設計二因子分析，研究結果如下：
(1)最大無氧動力方面：在不同週期面的最大彈跳高度，M分別優於O和
PM；F及L皆優於O（p＜.05）。
(2)Wingate無氧動力方面：在不同週期面的最大無氧動力和平均動力沒
有達到顯著水準。在不同週期的動力遞減率，F優於M、O和PM；L優於O（p＜.05）。
(3)在敏捷力方面：在不同週期上的敏捷力表現，M、F及L分別優於O
(p＜.05)。
(4)全身反應時間:月經週期對全身反應時間的表現沒有任何影響。
(5)比較正常組與月經症候群組，在不同月經週期的各項運動表現，並沒有達到顯著差異。
結論:，排球運動專項素質之彈跳力、Wingate無氧動力遞減率與敏捷力等短時間無氧動力會受到不同月經週期面所影響，而在Wingate無氧動力與全身反應時間則不會因月經週期而有所不同；另外，月經症候群並不會影響排球選手之運動表現。彈跳高度、Wingate無氧動力遞減率和敏捷力最差表現出現在排卵期，原因可能與較高的雌激素濃度有關。

關鍵字

月經週期 ； 月經症候群 ； 彈跳力 ； Wingate無氧動力 ； 敏捷力 ； 全身反應時間

並列摘要

Abstract
The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of menstrual cycle and menstrual symptoms on short-term sport performance of volleyball players. Research method: Nineteen College League A volleyball players whose menstruations were normal and who were not oral contraceptive pills users were selected as the subjects. After two months of basic body temperature and menstrual symptom severity list measurements, these players were divided into the normal group and menstrual symptoms group (age:20.4±1.1 yrs，height:167.3±5.4cm，weight:60.3±8.3kg). The order of test sessions were using counter-balance order. Each player under the test would conduct related short-term anaerobic exercise (counter-movement jump, Wingate anaerobic power, agility run) and psychological whole body reaction time test during the menstruation (within 48 hours after menstruation：M), follicular phase (start counting from the first day of menstruation, 7-9 days：F), ovulation phase (13~15 days of menstruation：O), luteal phase (19-21 days of menstruation：L) and premenstrual phase (48 hours before menstruation：PM). The cycle aspect of the menstruation cycle was calculated by basic body temperature、the numbers of days and estrogen (estradiol –E2) was confirmed. The collected data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and the results are as follows:
(1) In respect of maximum anaerobic power: There was a significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on maximal height of jump, during M was more superior than during O and PM. The F and L were more superior than O (p <.05).
(2) In respect of Wingate anaerobic power: There was not any significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on peak anaerobic power and the mean power. But , a significant difference was observed among the five phases of menstrual cycle on power decline rate, during F was more superior than M、O and PM. The L was also superior than O.(p＜.05)
(3) In respect of agility: There was a significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on agility, M、F and L was more superior than during O.
(4) Total body reaction time: On the performance of whole body reaction time, the menstruation cycle has no effect.
(5) Comparison two different group(normal and menstrual symptoms group) , there was no existence of significant difference on four exercise performance of different menstrual cycle phase .
Conclusion: The particular quality of volleyball players on short-term anaerobic power including maximal height of jump、power decline rate and agility will be affected by different phases of menstrual cycle. In respect of Wingate anaerobic power and total body reaction time, it will not be different due to the different phases of menstrual cycle. And the menstruation symptom is not the factor of affecting the performance of volleyball players. The worst performance of maximal height of jump、power decline rate and agility was found at the ovulation phase, it may be due to the increase in E2 that occurs prior to ovulation.

並列關鍵字

menstrual cycle ； menstrual symptoms ； anaerobic performance ； Wingate anaerobic power ； agility run ； total body reaction time