高中化學實驗教材分析及減量減廢實驗設計暨??衍生物之單晶結構解析

陳雅玲(Ya-ling Chen)

指導教授 ： 翁春和

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/化學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2001年)

摘要

無資料

關鍵字

實驗教材 ； 減量 ； 單晶結構解析 ； HASH(0xce30150)

並列摘要

part one:
Experimenting in a chemistry laboratory plays a significant role in the teaching of chemistry. Yet, the produced chemical waste inevitably becomes an environmental issue. In order to achieve the future reduction of chemical waste in the laboratory, the research in this thesis is designed into two sections: First, to analyze the current chemistry curriculums of senior high school; Second, to design proper experiments for the reduction of chemical waste in a chemistry laboratory.
After analyzing the materials for the present chemistry curriculums, we concluded that although there are many versions of teaching materials available, the repetitions of the similar experiments occur frequently un these materials. Few experiments in the present have begun to pay attention to the chemical waste problem, but most of other experiments need to be redesigned or improved.
The following three experiments are introduced to achieve the goal of the chemical waste reduction. 1. The preparation of Iodine and its chemical property. 2. The preparation of Nylon. 3. The preparation of chemical battery. The above three experiments not only produced promising effects in reducing the consumption of chemicals, but also in reducing the experimental time. Most importantly, the responses from students and their experimental results indicated that those experiments still maintained the data accuracy and achieved chemical reduction.
part two:
This thesis investigate the structures of four quinoline derivatives with single crystal X-ray diffraction: 1-methyl-3-phenylquinoline (1), 1-methyl-3-(p-chlorophenyl)quinoline (2), 2-ethyl-3-nitroquinoline (3), 3-nitro-2-phenylquinoline (4). The differences in their structural characteristics are discussed.
Crystal data: (1)Triclinic, Space group P1, a=6.988(5), b=9.574(2), c=10.983(2), a=97.38(1), b=98.57(3), g=90.59(3), Final Rf=0.070 for 1285 observations. (2)Orthorhombic, Space group P212121, a=7.328(3), b=10.642(1), c=20.384(3), Final Rf=0.079 for 825 observations. (3) Triclinic, Space group P1, a=7.0444(2), b=7.944(3), c=10.010(2), a=98.98(2), b=107.97(2) , g=105.44(2), Final Rf=0.078 for 1391 observations. (4) Orthorhombic, Space group Pcab, a=7.417(4), b=10.433(1), c=31.269(4), Final Rf=0.054 for 1197 observations.

並列關鍵字

single crystal ； experimental text ； X-ray ； chemical waste

參考文獻

27. 劉廣定、林笏稜、吳春桂（民85）。邁向零污染的普通化學實驗設計。中國化學會「化學」，54卷，63-66。

1. 方金祥（民87）。微型化學實驗之設計與製作。復文圖書出版社。

9. 高榮成（民83）。化學實習教師學科教學師資發展之研究。國立彰化師範大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。

23. 楊馨（民90）。國中生學習「電化學」微型實驗教材研究。國立台灣師範大學化學研究所碩士論文。

1. Anderson, K. E. (1968). Using the Laboratory to teach the Nature of Science. The American Biology Teacher, 30, 633-636.