親子離合關係,受到個體發展「尋求自主獨立(離)」與「情感聯繫(合)」兩股發展力量的平衡影響。相關研究以個體的「分離-個體化」或對父母的「依附關係」化約親子離合關係,然而「離合」應是雙方共構世界中的動態發展關係。本研究旨在探究父母退休家庭中成年前期子女經驗的親子離合關係。研究採用質的研究法,深度訪談台北、桃園、宜蘭與台中十位22-30歲與退休父母同住的子女,透過自編訪談前問卷蒐集資料,研究發現如下: 一、研究發現親子互動情境可見「疏離」、「融合」及「彈性」三種類型。三種互動情境可以透過親子的「生活」、「經濟」與「情感」觀察之。 二、三種親子互動情境中有四種親子離合關係類型,受到十一種親子離合角色的組合力量影響。 三、四種親子離合類型分別為:自主互信型(親子離合平衡)、黏結相依型(親子雙合)、黏結衝突型(親子離合動盪)、自主迴避型(親子雙離),不同離合類型在「功能」、「態度」與「情感」離合三個主要的內涵上有不同的特色。 四、親子在離合關係中可能扮演十一種離合角色,其中包括兩種子女角色及九種父母角色。兩種子女角色為「發展自主的孩童」與「維繫連結的成人」。九種父母角色包「永不變心的知己」、「夢想背後的推手」、「無法超越的巨人」、「返老還童的小孩」、「扶養長大的恩人」、「保母管家照顧者」、「脆弱逃避的凡人」、「前世今生的冤家」、「幻影般的陌生人」。
Parent-child attachment-separation relationship between children and their parent is affected by the balance condition of two development forces. These two forces are independence and emotional bonding. Although some studies simplify this relationship to “individual-separation” and “attachment”, it should be dynamically developed by both parent and child. This study is aimed to understand the pre-adulthood children’s experiences of his/her parent-child attachment-separation relationship after their parent are retired. To attain these goals, this study adopted qualitative methodology, mainly using qualitatively deep interviews to collect data. Ten young adults living with their retired parent were interviewed. By analyzing the data from visiting recordings, this study demonstrates the following findings: 1.Three kinds of parent-child interaction context: distance, coherence and elasticity are observed from pre-adult children and their parent’s daily life, economic interaction and emotion interaction. 2.Three parent-child interaction contexts can be characterized into four different styles of parent-child attachment-separation relationship. These styles are affected by eleven roles played by both children and parent. 3.Four different parent-child attachment-separation relationship styles are identified by characterizing participators experience. They are “confidential autonomy”, “dependent attachment”, “conflict attachment” and “avoidance autonomy”. Each style displays its particular relationship in functional, attitudinal and emotional perspective. 4.These styles are affected by the independence and emotional bonding forces. The two forces are included 2 children-roles and 9 parent-roles. These roles are child, adult, benefactor, friend, sponsor, giant, immaturity, nanny, mediocrity, foe and stranger.