職業衛生護理人員工作特質與職業疲勞之相關性研究

本研究旨在探討職業衛生護理人員工作特質及職業疲勞之相關性，並瞭解個人背景因素及工作特質對職業衛生護理人員職業疲勞之重要預測因子。以符合法定資格並在職中的專任職業衛生護理人員為研究對象，採結構式問卷「工作特質量表」及「職業疲勞量表」為研究工具，回收334份有效問卷，有效回收率為95.97%。以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、複迴歸分析等進行統計分析，研究結果主要發現如下: 一、研究對象於職業疲勞各構面分數由高至低依序為「工作過度投入」、「個人疲勞」、「工作疲勞」及「服務對象疲勞」。二、研究對象之個人疲勞、工作疲勞、服務對象疲勞與工作控制、工作心理負荷、工作體力負荷、就業缺乏保障、職場正義、主管社會支持、同事社會支持有顯著相關性；工作過度投入與工作心理負荷、工作體力負荷、職場正義、同事社會支持有顯著相關性。三、研究對象之個人疲勞顯著預測因子有認為職場健康風險評估課程不足、工作心理負荷、就業缺乏保障；工作疲勞顯著預測因子有認為職場健康風險評估課程不足、工作控制、工作心理負荷、就業缺乏保障、同事社會支持；研究對象之服務對象疲勞顯著預測因子有年齡、認為職場健康管理實務課程不足、事業單位行業別、事業單位勞工總人數、工作控制、工作心理負荷；工作過度投入顯著預測因子有目前工作場所年資、職護在職課程時數、事業單位地區、每週平均工時、是否輪班、事業單位是否聘請其他健康促進人員、事業單位是否聘請臨場服務醫師、工作心理負荷。

關鍵字

工作特質；職業疲勞；職業衛生護理人員；職場健康促進

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to research the relevance of Job Characteristics and Job Burnout of occupational health nursing and to understand the prediction of job burnout of occupational health nursing under both personal background factors and job traits.The research objects are selected from the statutory qualified and full-time occupational health care workers, and the structured questionnaire uses“ Job Content Questionnaire” and “Copenhagen Burnout Inventory.” Three hundred thirty-five valid questionnaires were recovered, and the effective recovery rate was 96.26%.The statistical analysis processed by descriptive statistics, independent sample test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. The following of the result shows： 1.The order of scores from high to low based on those research objects is over-commitment, personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout. 2.Personal burnout, work-related burnout, client-related burnout, over-commitment to work have significant relationship with work-control,mental workload, physical workload, lack of employment security, justice in working environment, support from supervisors, and support from colleagues. Over-commitment to work has significant relationship with mental workload, physical workload, justice in working environment, and support from colleagues. 3.The personal burnout of research objects shows a significant predictive factor to an awareness of insufficient of a risk-evaluated-education of working health, mental workload, lack of job protection, and social support from colleagues. The job burnout of research objects shows an awareness of insufficient of a risk-evaluated-education of working health, job control, mental workload, a lack of employment security, justice in working environment, and social support from colleagues. The client-related burnout of research objects shows a significant predictive factor to the age of research objects, the insufficient of On-the-Job Training, the field of job, job control, mental workload. The over-commitment of research objects shows a significant predictive ability to the sufficient of On-the-Job Training, the number of employees in the range of responsibility, the seniority in the position, the time of On-the-Job Training, the place of working, average working hours per week, the association from other professional people or On-site special physicians, and mental workload.