敘事理論運用於紀州庵文學地圖創作研究

台北城南的紀州庵一帶曾經是文人聚集的地方，作家王文興、余光中與房慧真都曾居住於此，詩社和文學出版社在這裡聚集萌芽，長久下來累積了豐厚的文學資源。紀州庵因為與地區文學歷史的連結，在2014年修復完成後轉型成為「文學森林」。有鑑於此，本創作研究以地圖敘事的方式來重現紀州庵地區的地方記憶，根據不同時期的文學作品對於地區場景的描述，轉換為敘事地圖的方式呈現。創作研究目的在於：1.探討地圖的相關文獻，歸納出地圖的功能形式表現。2.將敘事理論導入地圖設計中，建立一套敘事性地圖的案例分析架構，探討敘事性地圖中所運用的美感形式與象徵手法，作為創作模式建構的依據。3.收集描述紀州庵地區的文學作品，並轉換為文學場景的方式呈現在地圖上，讓觀看者一探當時的生活和認識地景的變化。在文獻探討階段以「地圖」、「敘事理論」與「紀州庵」等三個主題，討論地圖與敘事理論的關係，及紀州庵地區的歷史變遷和文學作品之間的連結。在案例分析階段建構敘事性地圖的文化符碼分析架構，歸納出地圖中的圖像敘事所運用的方法，大多是以人物遊憩其中的形象和景物的象徵轉化手法來表現，因此運用於下一階段的地圖創作中。在創作表現階段期初，進行資料的收集與整理，找尋文學作品內容與地區中對應的位置，配合影像資料加以比對，作為場景視覺的參考依據，進而運用圖像敘事的方式和鳥瞰圖、重疊法與斜投影的表現手法，創作出八個文學場景，包含萬新鐵路、舊貨市場、廈門街、洪範與爾雅出版社、同安街、紀州庵、川端橋與新店溪，融入紀州庵文學地圖中。經由上述過程歸納出本研究結論：1.文學地圖運用於歷史地景再現，為建立地區特色的推力。2.敘事性地圖分析架構能有效解析地圖中的圖像敘事表現。3.敘事理論導入地圖創作，有助於表現地區的人文特色。

關鍵字

敘事理論；紀州庵；文學地圖

並列摘要

The area of Kishu-An in Southern Taipei used to be a gathering place for literati. Writers, Wang Wen-Xing, Yu Guang-Zhong, and Fang Hui-Zhen once lived here. Poetry clubs and literature publishing houses gathered here and bud. This area has accumulated abundant literary resources after a long period of time. Due to the connection of literature and history of the area, Kishu-An was restored and transformed to“Forest of Literature”in 2014. In view of this, the creative study reappeared the local memory of the Kishu-An area with the way of map narrative. According to the descriptions of regional scenes in literary works from different periods, we converted these words to a presentation of narrative map form. The goals of the creative study including: 1.Exploring the relevant documents of map, and then inducting the presentations of function and form of map. 2.Importing narrative theory into map design, establishing a case study framework for narrative maps, exploring the aesthetic forms and symbolic methods used in narrative maps as the basis for the construction of creative mode. 3.Collecting literary works describing Kishu-An area, and converting to literary scenes on the map, letting viewers glimpse the life at that time and understand the changes in the landscape. In the stage of documentary analysis, we discussed the relationship between map and narrative theory, and the links between historical changes and literary works in Kishu-An area with three themes: “map”, “narrative theory” and “Kishu-An”. In the stage of case study, we constructed a cultural code analysis framework for narrative maps, and summarized the image narrative methods used on the maps mostly presented by images of characters and symbolic conversion methods of scenes. Therefore, we used the image narrative methods in the next stage of map creation. In the beginning stage of creative performance, we collected and organized data, found the content of the literary works, the corresponding location of the area, and image data as references for scene visions. Then we used image narrative methods, bird’s eyes view, overlapping and oblique projection performance to create eight literary scenes including Wanxin Railway, second-hand goods market, Xiamen Street, Hongfan and Erya Publishing Houses, Tong'an Street, Kishu-An, Kawabata Bridge and Xindian River in Kishu-An literature map. The conclusion of the study summarized by the above process is as follows: 1.Literature maps help to establish regional characteristics by being used to reappear historical landscapes. 2.The analysis framework for narrative maps can effectively analyze the image narrative performances in maps. 3.Importing narrative theory into map design helps to express the cultural characteristics of the region.