天母國中美術資優方案畢業生生涯自我效能與生涯抉擇因素探究

本研究旨在瞭解在天母國中95學年至103學年間參與美術資優方案的畢業學生，生涯自我效能和生涯抉擇之相關因素；並進一步了解天母國中美術資優方案畢業生對資優教育的感想和建議。本研究以量表問卷及開放性問卷的混和式問卷調查法進行，問卷調查對象是95學年至103學年畢業，參與天母國中美術資優方案的學生，計回收問卷111人，男生30人，女生81人。使用「生涯自我效能量表」、「生涯抉擇工作取向技能量表」「開放性問卷」為研究工具。以百分比、平均數及標準差，分析研究對象基本資料，以及國中美術資優方案畢業生的現況與生涯抉擇情形，並運用t考驗以及單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析進行統計分析處理，了解不同變項之間的關係。研究結果摘述如下：一、天母國中美術方案畢業生就讀美術相關學習現況還是有高達七成的學生就讀美術相關科系。二、不同性別、在家中排行、不同家庭社經地位、父母親的職業與美術相關的學生在生涯自我效能間。不會因為背景變項而受到影響。三、高中、大學是否就讀美術班、是否從事美術相關工作與學生在生涯自我效能間，未達顯著差異。四、工作取向技能分數跟生涯自我效能，有顯著正相關。其中工作取向技能分數跟生涯自我效能的選擇目標和做出計畫是高度正相關，跟自我評價也逼近高度正相關。五、在選擇是否就讀美術相關科系會參考的原因，最主要原因是個人的興趣與喜好。而次要選擇原因是以為重要他人的鼓勵與建議高過未來的社會趨勢，作為考量的依據。到了選擇是否從事美術相關工作時，就會以參考未來的社會趨勢高過重要他人的鼓勵。六、天母國中美術資優方案畢業生感想：具有藝術核心價值的啟發，課程內容多元具實用性，能讓學生從不同的角度去觀察世界，能在學習過程中發揮創意且快樂的學習，能激發潛能且有助於生涯抉擇。七、天母國中美術資優方案畢業生提出對課程內容的建議：讓學生更了解藝術的價值、培養觀察細微美好事物的能力，並養成多元尊重的視野。對課程形式的建議：能有校外參觀展覽、推薦閱讀、分組合作創作大型作品、結合天母社區活動產出作品。對生涯探索課程的建議：邀請學長姐和藝術家蒞校分享交流、提醒美術術科升學考提早準備、了解相關產業的發展與實務。對課程的鼓勵：繼續申辦美術資優課程，讓喜歡美術的孩子有一個空間能發揮自我。最後，根據上述研究結果，提出對美術資優教育的建議：提供美術生涯輔導及生涯自我效能的情意課程，讓美術資優生能在面對未來時，能更有自覺與自信的做好生涯抉擇的準備。

關鍵字

美術資優；生涯自我效能；生涯抉擇

並列摘要

The study focuses on the graduates from the Artistically Talented Program in the period from 95 to 103 academic years in Tian-mu. The purpose is to understand the influencing factors of their career self-efficacy, career choices and their impressions and suggestions for Artistically Talented Education of Tian-Mu Junior High School Program. This study was conducted by a mixed questionnaire survey including scales and open questionnaires. The questionnaires were for graduates of the Artistically talented education Program in Tian-mu Junior High School from 95 academic years to 103 academic years. 111 questionnaires answered by 30 boys and 81 girls were collected. The Career Self-Efficient Energy Scale, the Career Choice Task Approach Skills Scale, and the Open Questionnaire as research tools were used. Through the percentage, strict and standard deviation, the basic data of the research subjects, current situation and career choices of the graduates, t-test and One-way ANOVA analysis, Pearson Correlation analysis for statistical analysis and processing, the result of this study could reveal the different relationships between different variables. From the graduates’ answers in the Open Questionnaire, I would like to know the impressions and suggestions of the graduates of Artistically Talented Program Education in Tian-mu Junior High School. The results of the study are summarized as the follows: 1. In the art-related learning situation, around 70% of the graduates of Tian-mu Artistically Talented Program Education attended the university-related art departments. 2. Different genders, birth orders, family social statuses, parental career and art-related graduates will not influence the graduates’ career self-efficacy. 3. The facts of whether studying in art classes in high schools or universities and whether engaging in art-related work don’t have significant influence on personal career self-efficacy. 4. Work-oriented skill score has a significant positive correlation with career self-efficacy. The work orientation skill score is highly positively correlated with the choice of goal and the plan of career self-efficacy. Also, it’s highly positively correlated with self-evaluation. 5. The main reason of choosing to study art-related departments or not is a personal interest and preference. The secondary reason is that the encouragement and suggestions coming from Significant others are more influential than the future social trend as a basis for consideration. However, future social trends become more important than the encouragement and suggestions of important others when it comes to whether engaging in art-related work or not. 6. The graduates' reflection of Tian-mu Artistically Talented Program Education: Curriculums are inspired by the core values of the art. The content is diverse and practical, allowing students to observe the world from different angles. Students become more creative and happy through the learning process, which could motivate their potentials and contribute to future career choices. 7. The Tian-mu Artistically Talented Program Education graduates’ suggestions for the content of the course: enabling students’ better understand on the value of art, cultivating abilities to observe subtle and beautiful things, and developing a vision of plural respect. Suggestions on the form of the course: holding off-campus exhibitions, adding recommended readings, encouraging group works to create a large-scale work and cooperation with Tian-mu community. Suggestions for the career exploration course: Inviting seniors and artists to share their experience with the school, reminding to prepare for entrance examination of art schools, and understanding the development and practice of the relevant industries. Encouragement for the course: continuing to bid for Artistically Talented Program to provide opportunities for children who like art to develop their potential. At last, based on the above research results, suggestions for Artistically Talented Program Education are proposed: providing affective curriculum careers and self-enhanced career counseling for Artistically talented students, allowing them to enhance their abilities, self-confident and preparation for future career choices.