解嚴後臺灣小說中的日據歷史書寫研究

解嚴之後，臺灣文壇出現了眾多文化浪潮，其中對日據歷史的重新評價和臺灣意識的崛起成為重要的組成部分。對日據歷史的重新評價也促使作家對日據歷史進行了不同程度的重新書寫。以往臺灣文學中的歷史書寫，對日據歷史都有著較為明顯的批判態度。老作家吳濁流、鍾肇政、李喬等都有著不同程度的反映。解嚴以後的八九十年代，則對日據歷史有著不同的態度。解嚴初期對日據歷史的書寫呈現出一種對政府的反抗姿態，甚至因此展現出一種對日本文化的接受態度，缺乏對殖民歷史的反思精神。另外，八九十年代也存在著對以往歷史建構的一種解構思潮，對政府建構的一元歷史有著一定的反撥態度，對文明的入侵也有一定程度的反思。進入二十一世紀之後，八九十年代的文化狂歡和論爭潮流漸息，對日據歷史的反思向縱深發展。此時本土意識有了更深入的發展，社會氛圍也變得寬容。一些作家有著為臺灣立傳的雄心壯志，全面地展現了日據時期臺灣人的文化認同問題和精神創傷。此外，年輕一代作家在新世紀也展現出對日據歷史不同的反思精神。他們對殖民歷史採取了虛化的策略，直接進入對戰爭的反思和對本土文化的建構。解嚴後不同時期對日據歷史的重新書寫，無論採取了怎樣的書寫策略，都展現出對日據歷史越來越深入的反思。期間展現了一種當代立場，和愈發濃烈的臺灣本土意識。

關鍵字

解嚴；日據歷史；臺灣意識

並列摘要

Ever since the end of martial law (1987) in Taiwan, the Taiwanese literary world has seen plenty of emerging cultural thoughts, among which, the reevaluation of colonial period(Taiwan was governed by Japan from 1897 to 1945)and the rise of Taiwanese consciousness are the most important part. The reevaluation of colonial period contributes to the rewriting of the colonial period to varying degrees in Taiwan. It is arguable that the attitude towards the colonial history was obviously critical in previous historical writing, which to various degrees can be seen in such veteran writer as Wu Zhuoliu, Zhong Zhaozheng, Li Qiao. In 1980s and 1990s，the attitude towards the colonial history changed a lot.In the initial stage since 1987, a defiant attitude towards the government was represented in the writing, partially leading to the acceptance towards Japanese culture and lack of sufficient reflections upon the colonial history. In addition, the 1980s and 1990s also witness the trend in the thoughts of deconstruction, which on one hand balanced the government’s unitary construction of history to some extent, and on the other hand partly formed the rethink on invasion of external civilization. The carnival of culture and argument in 1980s and 1990s faded with the arrival of the 21st century, and the reflection upon the colonial history went further. This was also a time when Taiwanese native consciousness developed and social atmosphere became more tolerant. Some writers had the ambition to comprehensively present issues of cultural identity and psychological trauma in Taiwan during the period of colonial past. Besides, a new generation of writers showed their approaches to reflection in the new century different from those in the past. Their blurring approach in the writing of colonial history turn the novel directly to reflection on the war and the construction of Taiwanese culture. No matter how writers wrote, the historical writing of colonial period since 1987 indicated the deepening of Taiwanese reflection upon the history, implying a contemporary standpoint and a deeper Taiwanese consciousness.