台灣筆譯工作者工作特性與職業疲勞調查研究

筆譯實務工作中，譯者經常必須面對許多挑戰，例如譯案背後所牽涉到的專業知識、趕稿壓力、工作量與收入不穩定等等。長久下來，這些挑戰與困難可能會造成譯者壓力，使得譯者感到疲勞與倦怠。過去40年來，職業疲勞的研究對象涵蓋助人工作者、醫護人員、教師、以及各行各業的受雇人員，然而尚未有研究探討譯者的職業疲勞情形。本研究旨在瞭解台灣筆譯工作者工作特性與職業疲勞情形，並探討影響筆譯工作者職業疲勞與工作過度投入之因素。研究採用問卷調查法，以過往學者所編製之「工作特性量表」與「哥本哈根疲勞量表」為基礎設計問卷，針對台灣筆譯工作者進行調查。研究最終共回收140份有效問卷，並以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關係數統計以及質性資料分析，瞭解筆譯工作者的工作特性與職業疲勞的關係。研究主要發現如下：一、筆譯工作者的職業疲勞屬輕微程度，並非職業疲勞的危險族群。二、筆譯工作者的社會背景特質與職業疲勞沒有顯著關係。三、工作特性之差異會影響筆譯工作者的職業疲勞程度，低度工作控制、高度工作負荷、高度工作缺乏保障者為高度職業疲勞危險族群。

關鍵字

工作特性；工作控制；工作負荷；職業疲勞；工作過度投入；筆譯工作者；哥本哈根疲勞量表

並列摘要

Practitioners engaged in translation are often faced with challenges such as demand of professional knowledge, deadline pressure, and unstable work load and income. These challenges and difficulties may become stressors for translators, which can lead to exhaustion and job burnout in the long run. In the past 40 years, subject of job burnout research has included human service workers, medical workers, teachers, and employees across different occupations; however, research regarding translators’ burnout status is yet to be done. The purpose of the study is to examine the status of job characteristics and job burnout among translators in Taiwan. The research was conducted with a questionnaire based on the “Job Content Questionnaire” and the “Copenhagen Burnout Inventory”. A total of 140 valid responses were collected. The data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, Spearman rank-order correlation, and qualitative analysis. Primary findings include: 1.Translators are at low risk of job burnout. 2.There is no significant relationship between translators’ background and their burnout level. 3.Different job characteristics would result in varying degrees of job burnout. Translators with lower job control, higher job demands and higher level of job insecurity are at higher risk of job burnout.