生涯轉換期大學生參與生活設計生涯團體之成效研究

研究者結合生活設計（Life-Design）模式與生活設計式團體（Life-Design Group）指南，設計出生活設計式生涯團體（Life-Design career group, LDCG）用以協助台灣大學生，並於本研究加以分析其團體介入的效果。本研究目的有三項：（1）探討生活設計生涯團體對參與成員的成效（2）探討生活設計生涯團體整體對參與成員造成的成效因子（3）探討促成生活設計生涯團體方案具有效果的關鍵活動安排。團體共邀請面臨生涯轉換期的七位臺師大大學生參與，透過兩位團體帶領者進行為期八周的生活設計生涯團體，每次 150 分鐘。經過八周團體結束後一個月進行個別焦點訪談，後續根據訪談資料進行敘事分析，研究結果顯示：透過生涯建構訪談引導、生涯期待的釐清、生命肖像的建構、團體療效因子的催化，例如人際支持、灌注希望等可以增進成員的生命意義感與生涯調適能力。在團體效果方面，可以歸納出幾個效果類別：（1）自我探究的深化、（2）生涯現況的接納與生命意義感的探究、（3）成員間共構歷程的生命覺察、（4）催化生涯行動的試探與想像、（5）成員間與他們和生態系統的相互覺察。除了質化的資料以外，本研究也採用生涯調適力量表與生命意義感量表加以說明與佐證成員參與團體後的生涯調適力與生命意義感改變情形。量化研究果發現有超過半數以上的成員在參與團體後的生涯調適力分數有所提升。提升的向度主要為生涯關注、生涯控制與生涯信心；在生命意義感方面，也有半數以上的成員於存在意義感上也有所提升。而本研究的貢獻在於提供另一個後現代生涯方案的選擇來幫助大學生更有調適力、更能創造生命意義感來度過生涯轉換期。

關鍵字

生涯轉換；生活設計；生涯團體；生涯調適力；生命意義感

並列摘要

This study was based on the Life-Design Counseling Model（Savickas，2009）and Life Design Group Guide（Barclay & Stoltz, 2016）.Researcher combined above model and developed the Life-Design career group （LDCG）program for Taiwanese undergraduate students. In addition, researchers analyzed the effect of the group intervention. There are three purposes in the study. The first is the LDCG effect on the each member. The second is LDCG general effect. The third is to explore the main activity arrangement in LDCG result in career changing. Seven NTNU college students facing career transition period were invited to participate in a 8 week sessions Life-Design career group. With two group leaders, a session last 150 minutes. After the sessions, researcher interviewed each group members. Interviews’ data were used in the narrative analysis. The research found that the members' career adaptability and sense of life-meaning were improved by the guiding of Career Construction Interview, clarifying the career target, formation of Life-Portrait and therapeutic factor of group counseling such as interpersonal support and instillation of hope. Besides, the general group effects were also found. Researcher summarize 5 group effect aspects：（1）the deeper self-exploration,（2）the acceptance of career situation and the exploration of life-meaning,（3）the life awareness by the co-construction process among members,（4）facilitate the career imagination, attempt, and action （5）the member’s awareness associating with their own ecosystem. Besides the quality method, quantitative method was also used to show the positive effect of the group research. Career Adapt-Abilities Scale（CAAS）and Meaning in Life Questionaire（MLQ）were used to measure individual changes and general group effects. The outcome showed that over half of the members have higher CAAS and MLQ scores after the group. The promotion was mainly about career concern, career control and career confidence. In terms of MLQ, more than half of the members have also improved on MLQ-P. The contribution of this research provided another postmodern career group programs choices. LDCG empower college students in their career transition period and made their life be more adaptive,creative and meaningful.