從營運者、就業服務員、身心障礙員工家屬之觀點探討庇護工場定位

本研究之目的為從營運者、就業服務員、身心障礙員工家屬三個不同的角色暸解現時臺灣庇護工場的定位，研究參與者分別為 4位營運者、3位就服員、3位員工家屬，共10名。本研究採深度訪談的方式進行研究，以半結構訪談蒐集研究參與者過去提供或接受服務，有關庇護工場服務定位之經驗和觀點。採用持續比較分析法，把訪談內容進行編碼後分成不同層級的概念、範疇、主題，持續進行資料分析和比較，逐漸形成整體的現象。藉由10位研究參與者的經驗分享，大致整理出現時臺灣庇護工場定位的三大現象。 1. 庇護工場傾向長期就業安置的定位，主要原因分別有︰考量工場的營運、永續發展、家屬對庇護工場的需求。 2. 庇護工場附有營運和服務的角色，營運者認為營運和提供服務是庇護工場同時具有的特點，兩者應平時進行；就服員則認為在提供服務的前提下必須先顧好營運的部份，認為庇護工場偏向營運大於服務；身心障礙員工家屬是接受服務的一群，傾向看到庇護工場服務提供的部份，認為營運非庇護工場所追求的目的。 3. 各角色均感受到庇護工場是特殊性，基於法規對庇護工場的要求和限制，無法如一般企業般的運作模式，加上身心障礙員工障礙的特殊性，庇護工場是一個保護性高的特殊勞動場所。對於員工家屬而言，庇護工場更有照顧、教導、安置的功能。透過研究結果期望能夠讓相關專業人員了解目前臺灣庇護工場之定位，並從多角度了解不同角色間觀點的異同，作為未來經營或發展庇護工場參考之用。

關鍵字

庇護工場定位；身心障礙員工家屬；就業服務員；營運者

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to show the position of sheltered workshop that perspective from managers, job coaches and worker’s families. This study interviewed four managers, three job coaches and three worker’s families. This study use in-depth interviews and semi-structured interviews to know about the relevant experience of sheltered workshop service and its position. Analyses data via constant comparative method, coding data and then divide into different concept, category and topic. Analysis and compare constantly until the phenomenon is showed. The results from this study are concluded into three main points. 1. The management of workshops, development of workshops and needs of worker’s families are the main reason why Taiwan sheltered workshops trend to long-term employment placement. 2. Managers think that management and service supply can exist at the same time. However, job coaches feel that service supply is based on the good management, so job coaches tend to management is more important than service supply. For the worker’s families, who receive those services, so they think that workshop is a place where supply services and operation isn’t the purpose of the workshop. 3. All of the participants feel that workshop is a special workplace and different with other enterprises that base on the request and restriction from law. Because of the special of disability workers, workshop is a high protection workplace. By worker’s families side, sheltered workshop also take function of caring, teaching and placement. Through the research findings to know more about how difference characters think about the position of sheltered workshop and show the full view of workshop, to those sheltered workshop manager or developer for reference.