臺灣早餐外食現象與社會變遷：以大臺北地區為例

在臺灣，早餐外食比例由2005年的65.3%，提升至2015年的74.1%，表示國人的早餐有近七成五的比例為外食，且也較午、晚餐高出許多。本研究目的以大臺北地區為例，探討臺灣早餐外食現象形成的過程與原因。首先以戰後移民與政策背景，說明麵食如何介入臺灣人的飲食習慣，以及夜生活、婦女就業率等生活型態的轉變，影響「中式」早餐店的營運模式，再來闡述「西式」早餐店透過加盟體系逐漸擴張，形成「中式」、「西式」早餐店競爭的現象。接著以生產與消費兩大部分說明臺灣的經濟發展現代化、婦女就業率及家庭型態的變遷，探討早餐店的特性如何吸引消費者外食，而種種社會條件改變下家庭內部的變化又如何促使人們必須向外尋求早餐。另外，「早午餐」作為新興餐飲型態，是一種早餐外食的變形，本文分析早午餐如何從西方引入臺灣，從飯店走入巷弄中，「實施週休二日」、「網路媒介的發展」切入，均有助於早午餐在臺灣的蓬勃發展。最後，以新消費工具的概念比較早午餐餐廳與早餐店的差異，以及業者如何透過操作符號價值，吸引民眾前往消費。綜合以上分析，本研究進一步指出臺灣早餐外食的特殊性，及社會變遷的緊密關聯。

關鍵字

外食；早餐店；豆漿店；早午餐

並列摘要

In Taiwan, the percentage of population that eat out for breakfast had increased from 65.3% in 2005 to 74.1% in 2015. Such statistical information indicates that nearly three quarters of Taiwanese population eat out for breakfast and that the percentage of population that eat out for breakfast is higher than those of lunch and dinner. This research concentrate on the Greater Taipei area and investigate the social formations and reasons that had given impetus to the phenomenon of eating out for breakfast in Taiwan. I first focus on the historical background of post-war immigration and government policies to illustrate how the use of flour in food production had influenced the dietary habits of Taiwanese people. Transformations of lifestyles, such as night life and the employment of female workforce, would also be taken into consideration to explain the transitions of business operations of “Chinese” breakfast shops. During this process, “Western” breakfast shops had been mushrooming in Taiwan through franchisees, which had resulted in the competitions between “Chinese” and “Western” breakfast shops. This thesis then focuses on production and consumption to illustrate the modernization of Taiwan's economic development, female employment rate, and transformation of family structure. In so doing, I suggest that some of the key characteristics of breakfast shops would attract consumers to eat out, and that the inner changes of family structure would also force people to have their breakfast outside. In the third part of my research, brunch as a contemporary new form of breakfast in Taiwan, in order to examine how the culture of brunch had been introduced to Taiwan from the West. Focusing on how brunch had been moved from hotels to streets, I try to analyze the reasons why the culture of brunch had been flourishing in Taiwan from government policies of “Five-Day Workweek” and “developments of Internet media.” This research finally compares the differences between brunch restaurants and breakfast shops with the new means of consumption, and analyzes how the industry can attract the public to consume through the sign value of operation.