國高中生活科技教師對STEAM導向工程設計課程看法之研究

STEAM教育的興起與十二年國民基本教育的實施影響了生活科技教師的課程設計方式，教師是實施課程的關鍵角色，瞭解教師的看法便可以更進一步的制訂相關的規劃，以利教育政策的落實。本研究旨在瞭解臺灣生活科技教師對於STEAM導向工程設計課程的看法，採用線上「生活科技教師對STEAM導向工程設計課程看法之調查問卷」為研究工具，調查135位生活科技教師，瞭解其對於STEAM導向工程設計課程的看法。研究結果發現(1)大部分的教師對於STEAM導向工程設計課程抱持正向態度，並願意在未來的課程上採用STEAM導向工程設計課程；(2)完全中學教師對於STEAM導向工程設計課程看法呈現兩極化；(3)教師們認為缺乏行政與財務支持會是未來實施課程時最主要的困難與挑戰，尤其對於任教單一年級的教師影響更強烈。依據研究結果與討論，本研究提出結論與建議為(1)教師對於STEAM導向工程設計課程持正向態度，表示國高中教師對於工程設計課程的銜接有一致的目標，且認同STEAM導向的課程設計；(2)完全中學教師任教年級包含國中與高中階段，部分教師抱持反對看法，表示於國中階段就納入STEAM導向工程設計不太適宜，但由於本研究樣本數不足，建議未來可針對完全中學教師進行更全面的研究；(3)教師認為缺乏學校行政與財務支持是最大的困難與挑戰，一方面確實生活科技非考試科目在學校權益容易受到影響，另一方面則是教師缺乏設計STEAM導向工程設計課程的知能，導致對於購買設備存在迷思，相關單位可以提供研習課程協助教師釐清與交流，有助於解決缺乏財務支持的問題。

關鍵字

十二年國民基本教育； STEAM ；生活科技教師

並列摘要

The growth of STEAM education and the implementation of the 12-year compulsory education have influenced the curriculum design methods followed by “living technology” teachers, who also play a key role in implementing a curriculum. Hence, understanding teachers’ views will help devise the necessary plans to facilitate the implementation of education policies; the purpose of this study is to understand the views of living technology teachers in Taiwan regarding a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum. An online “questionnaire of living technology teachers’ views regarding a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum” was administered to 135 living technology teachers. The analysis of the survey responses revealed the following results. Firstly, most teachers held a positive attitude towards a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum and were willing to adopt it in their future courses. Second, full-grade high school teachers’ views on such a curriculum displayed polarization. Third, the teachers believed that a lack of administrative and financial support would be the greatest challenge in implementing future courses, especially for those teaching in a single grade. The research results and discussion lead to the following conclusions. First, the teachers held a positive attitude towards a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum, indicating that junior and senior high school teachers in Taiwan had consistent goals for the linkage of an engineering design curriculum and were favorable toward a STEAM-oriented curriculum design. Second, the teaching grades of full-grade high school teachers included junior high school and senior high school. Some teachers held divergent views, stating that it would not be appropriate to implement a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum in junior high school. However, due to the insufficient sample size in this study, it is suggested that a more comprehensive study be conducted on full-grade high school teachers in the future. Third, the teachers believed that a lack of school administrative and financial support would be the greatest challenge. While it is true that the status of living technology as a non-examination subject in schools would be affected, it is also true that teachers lack the knowledge and ability to devise a STEAM-oriented engineering design curriculum, leading to misconceptions about the purchase of equipment. It is proposed that relevant departments provide study courses to communicate accurate information to teachers and dispel their doubts by clarifying the actual situation, thereby helping resolve their perceptions regarding a lack of financial support.