量化大專排球員訓練負荷

隨著排球運動在國內外越趨盛行，因此，學校紛紛成立校內排球社團與校隊。因應逐漸成長的排球運動風氣，也使得研究人員更應針對排球運動員，了解其活動與訓練量是否適當變得更加重要。近年來，穿戴式智慧監控裝置技術已越臻成熟，不僅體積更小更輕便，準確度上亦有重大突破，監控裝置也頗為普及，讓民眾能隨時知道活動量與卡路里消耗量。目前此技術也大為運用在排球實驗，如：使用加速規測試跳躍高度、心率高低區分位置等。本研究目的為探討排球運動員在不同位置之訓練量負荷差異。方法：6名大專排球員共四個不同位置之選手，於胸骨下緣放置心率帶與左腋下方心率帶上放置加速規，訓練地點為臺灣師範大學排球場，實驗各位置專項攻擊、防守與綜合訓練（隊形或比賽），每次實驗對象的練習與休息時間並不固定，以教練課表安排為準。本實驗比較每次練習之加速規Player Load值與心跳率每分鐘平均值差異。結果：由結果趨勢圖可以看出，各位置心率和加速度都有相近趨勢，且外部負荷有更即時的趨勢變化，比較練習與比賽的外部負荷，舉球手在練習時的運動強度低於比賽強度，其他位置則是練習高於比賽。主攻手有較高的外部負荷，其次為舉球手。結論：本研究發現，內外部負荷對排球的監控情形良好，並能提供即時運動強度變化的外部負荷，可以更深入得區分每個位置之練習與比賽階段運動強度。研究建議，在監控內外部負荷時，應同時包含練習與比賽，已確定練習的運動強度是否有達到或超過比賽強度，以此讓選手以良好狀態應對比賽。

關鍵字

慣性感測器；活動量；訓練監控

並列摘要

Volleyball has become an increasingly popular sport both internationally and domestically. Schools have formed their sports clubs as well as school teams. With an increased popularity of volleyball, it is also of great importance for volleyball players to know whether their activity level and training volume are appropriate. In recent years, smart wearable monitoring devices have become more advanced, not only smaller and lighter in size, but also a major breakthrough in accuracy, so that monitoring can be popularized to the public easily. Users can know how many steps they have taken and how many calories they have consumed. Many experiments results are also applicable to volleyball, such as using accelerometers to estimate jump heights, and using chest strap to distinguish playing positions. The purpose of this study is to explore the difference in the training volume of volleyball players in different playing positions. Methods: Six college volleyball players in four different positions placed a chest strap on the lower edge of the sternum and an accelerometer was also placed on the chest strap below the left underarm. Players were tested in the training programs at a volleyball court of National Taiwan Normal University, tests including special attack, defense and comprehensive training (form or match) for each position. Players’ practice time and rest time are all scheduled by the coach, not the researcher. This study is to compare the differences between the Player Load Value tested by accelerometer in each exercise and the average heart rate per minute. Result: The heart rate and acceleration of each position have similar trends, and the external load has a more immediate trend change. Compared to the external load in practices and competitions of players, this study proves that the exercise intensity of the lifter during practice exceeds the intensity of the competition. Conclusion: This study finds that the internal and external loads can monitor volleyball well, and the external loads can provide real-time exercise intensity changes. The study suggests that when monitoring internal and external loads, practices and competitions should be included at the same time to correct whether the exercise intensity of practices reaches or exceeds the intensity of competitions, so that players can cope with competitions in a good state.