從社會生態模式探究宜居社區高齡者運動休閒行為

隨著全球老化議題愈來越嚴重，臺灣在高齡化趨勢方面已進入高齡社會，預計在2026年，將成為超高齡社會。大多數國家將人口老化速度視為公共衛生、預防醫學和社會經濟領域的關鍵，且老年人面臨著諸多的健康問題與健康挑戰。因此，本研究以生態學模式為理論基礎，並以雲林縣莿桐鄉蒜香麻園社區關懷據點為研究範圍、年長者為研究對象，藉由ACSM 所公佈符合年長者健康促進的運動課程內容 (有氧、阻力、伸展、平衡運動) 進行6週功能性體適能的運動方案實施，並於課程結束後進行實質內容的深度訪談擷取研究目的所需資料；透過蒜香據點宜居社區以生態學多元性運動課程方案介入後，對高齡者身體健康促進所產生的效益，結果發現：ㄧ、生態學模式應用於高齡者運動促進方案介入，可促使高齡者持續、規律參與運動 (持續性)，同時可促進高齡者身心靈全方位健康的發展。二、生態學模式多元性活 (運) 動課程方案的實施效益，應重視高齡者運動參與的正確性及有效性，可驅動成員投入並認同宜居樂活社區營運之參與理念與核心價值。三、藉由發展在地生態學模式多元文化社團、在地經濟、農業觀光及有效性的ACSM活 (運) 動方案的介入模式，擘畫具前瞻思維的宜居樂活社區籃圖，達成社區永續發展目標之理念。四、經6週ACSM運動課程介入，對參與之高齡者成員可提升其身體活動量並且身心靈健康亦有改善。

關鍵字

生態學模式；社區關懷據點；健康促進；活躍老化；宜居樂活

並列摘要

The global aging problem is becoming more and more serious, and Taiwan has entered an aging society. It is estimated that Taiwan will become a super-aged society by 2026. Countries around the world see the rate of population ageing as a key issue in public health, preventive medicine and socioeconomics. Elderly face numerous health problems and challenges. This study is based on the ecological model. The community care center of Suanxiang Mayuan, Yutong Township, Yunlin County is the field. Elderly at this care center are the subjects of the study. A 6-week functional fitness exercise program based on the content of the exercise curriculum (aerobic, resistance, stretching, balance exercise) published by ACSM that conforms to the health promotion of the elderly was implemented. In-depth interviews were conducted at the end of the program to collect data. It demonstrated the benefits of this program for health promotion in the elderly. The findings of this research are: 1. The ecological model applied to the elderly exercise promotion program intervention can promote the elderly to participate in sports continuously and regularly. This program can promote the all-round healthy development of the body and mind of the elderly. 2. The implementation of the ecological model's diversified sports program should pay attention to the correctness and effectiveness of the elderly's sports participation. The program can drive members to engage in and identify with the concept of participation and core values in the operation of a livable and LOHAS community. 3. Develop the local ecological model, multicultural associations, local economy, agricultural tourism and effective ACSM sports program intervention model will be able to plan a forward-thinking livable and happy community basket map, and achieve the concept of sustainable community development goals. The concept of community sustainable development goals can be achieved. 4. 6-week ACSM exercise program intervention can increase physical activity and improve physical and mental health for elderly.