兩岸歷史博物館教育推廣規劃之比較研究——以浙江省博物館與國立歷史博物館為例

隨著社會經濟發展，民眾的物質生活逐漸完善，從而更加重視精神文化的提升。博物館作為地方或國家重要的社會教育機構，除了保存、陳列文物，進行學術研究、提供休憩場所等功能外，更應該透過其教育活動增強觀眾的鑒賞甚至反思批判的能力，推動終身學習之發展。由於兩岸社會文化背景及博物館事業發展脈絡存在差異，歷史博物館在教育推廣上之策略規劃也有所不同，希望藉此研究為兩岸歷史博物館教育推廣作對比交流。本研究以國立歷史博物館以及浙江省博物館為例，採半結構式訪談為主，參與觀察為輔的方式，透過瞭解兩岸社會文化脈絡以及博物館事業發展脈絡的差異，來分析探究個案在教育推廣規劃策略、執行現狀的異同。此外，本研究利用Falk&Deirking 提出的博物館經驗理論去分析館方進行教育活動的設計時的想象，以及對博物館經驗的運用與思考，建構出館方角度的博物館經驗理論。最後，本研究透過整理分析史博館與浙博在教育策略的走向和未來發展，描繪出兩岸歷史博物館未來教育推廣策略的新思維。

關鍵字

歷史博物館；兩岸比較；博物館經驗；互動經驗模式；教育推廣

並列摘要

With the development of society and economy, people's material life is gradually improved, so they pay more attention to the promotion of spiritual culture. As an important local or national social educational institution, museums should not only preserve and display cultural relics, conduct academic research, provide leisure places and other functions, but also enhance the audience's ability of appreciation and even reflection and criticism through their educational activities, so as to promote the development of lifelong learning. Due to the differences in the social and cultural background and the development of museums on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, the strategic planning of history museums in educational promotion is also different. Taking the National Museum of History and Zhejiang Provincial Museum as examples, this study adopts semi-structured interview as the main method and participant observation. Through understanding the differences between the social and cultural contexts and the development contexts of museums on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, it analyzes and explores the similarities and differences of individual cases in the planning strategies and implementation status of education promotion. In addition, this study uses the interactive experience model and the contextual model of learning proposed by Falk&Deirking to analyze the imagination of the museum in the design of educational activities, as well as the application and thinking of the museum experience, and constructs the museum experience theory from the museum perspective. Finally, this study describes the new thinking of the future education promotion strategy of history museums on both sides sorting out and analyzing the trend and future development of the educational strategies of history Museum and Zhejiang Museum.