聯合國教科文組織創意城市網絡研究—以柏林為例

A Case Study of UNESCO Creative Cities Network in Berlin

林明姍(Lin Ming-Shan)

指導教授 ： 劉以德

國立臺灣師範大學/國際與社會科學學院/歐洲文化與觀光研究所/碩士(2023年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202300387

摘要

聯合國教科文組織於2004年創立創意城市網絡(UNESCO Creative Cities Networks)，該網絡涵蓋七大類別：文學之都、電影之都、音樂之都、手工藝與民間藝術之都、設計之都、媒體藝術之都和美食之都。創意城市網絡將文化創意作為當地經濟與社會發展的重要元素，建立跨國文化交流及合作的平台。
本研究以2005年獲選為聯合國教科文組織創意城市網絡設計之都的柏林(Berlin)作為研究個案。研究者以網絡治理及跨國城市網絡之理論為基礎，檢視創意城市柏林內部網絡、創意城市柏林與他國創意城市之間的網絡，探討柏林創意城市網絡的形成，同時分析其採取發展創意城市網絡的策略，藉此探究網絡的形成對創意城市的意義，以及其為創意城市帶來的益處與未來所會面臨的挑戰。
研究結果顯示，創意城市柏林採取以下策略治理創意城市：(1)建立創意產業之間資源分享、交換、互惠的平台(2)建立公私部門夥伴關係，混合公共和私人投資(3)扶植創意產業工作者，提供其發揮才能的平台(4)提供創意產業工作者諮詢平台(5)發展以永續發展為目標的網絡(6)學習最佳實踐。希冀此研究能為欲建構創意城市的國家以及城市，在文化創意策略擬定以及發展文化創意產業之間的網絡，提供多元的思考角度。

關鍵字

創意城市 ； 網絡治理 ； 跨國城市網絡 ； 聯合國教科文組織 ； 柏林

並列摘要

UNESCO Creative Cities Network was founded in 2004. Ever since the creation in 2004, UNESCO Creative Cities Network has specialized its aim in seven innovative fields: Crafts and Folk Arts, Media Arts, Film, Design, Gastronomy, Literature and Music. The network established a platform for cross-cultural communication and cooperation by taking culture and creativity as important factors for social and economic development. This study takes Berlin, which was entitled as City of Design in UNESCO Creative Cities Network in 2005, as a case study. Based on theories of network governance and transnational municipal networks, this study aims to take a close look at the network within Berlin and the transnational municipal network between Berlin and other creative cities, including analyzing the strategies that make Berlin become a creative city and the benefits that network brings to Berlin. Moreover, this study also evaluates all sorts of challenges Berlin might confront in the future.
Results show that Berlin adopted these strategies to govern creative city: (1) establishing a platform for resource sharing, exchange, and reciprocity among creative industries (2) building public-private partnerships for investment (3) supporting workers in creative industry and providing them a platform for fulfilling their talents (4) providing advisory service for creative workers (5) developing networks with the goal of sustainable development (6) learning from best practices. These results are expected to present diverse perspectives on the policy making of cultural and creative industries and the development of the network between cultural and creative industries for countries and cities intending to become creative cities and embrace creativity.

並列關鍵字

creative city ； network governance ； transnational municipal network ； UNESCO ； Berlin

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