我國優秀女子排球選手壓力管理策略之分析

本研究目的探討我國優秀女子排球選手在不同情境的壓力來源及面對壓力如何處理的策略。本研究採用質性深入訪談研究方法，研究對象為二十名入選為2022年國家代表隊優秀女子排球選手，受訪時間為每位選手60分鐘。本研究經資料分析後，結論如下： 1. 優秀女子排球選手的壓力來源可分五個階段，經研究結果發現：平常生活階段以課業的壓力佔最多，訓練前、比賽前、比賽中的壓力來源大都是心理狀態所產生的，比賽後的壓力來源以成績表現的影響最大。 2. 優秀女子排球選手在不同階段，遇到不同壓力時如何排解：平常生活中以採取互相溝通取得認同與諒解為主，訓練前、比賽前、比賽中階段大都採取自我對話的策略，比賽後則是採取正向思考、忽略壓力用以轉移注意力佔最多。本研究發現競技選手本身大都能察覺出自己的壓力來源及其可能產生的影響，也會嘗試運用各種方法讓自己的壓力降低，但其因應壓力的策略比較趨向自身經驗的體悟，而非真正透過運動心理技能訓練來讓自己更能掌控和調節自己內心不穩定的狀態。因此，如何有效規劃與落實運動心理技能訓練，用以提升競技運動的成績表現，應是今後的重要課題。

關鍵字

壓力管理；優秀女子排球選手

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the stressors and strategies for coping with stress in different situations of outstanding women volleyball players in my country. A qualitative research method was used in this study, and 20 outstanding women volleyball players in 2022 national team were chose as the participants. The interview time was 60 minutes for each player. After analyzing the data in this study, I concluded as follows: 1. The stressors for outstanding women volleyball players can be divided into five stages. According to the results, I found that schoolwork account for the largest proportion in the stage of daily life. Mental state account for the largest proportion in the states of before training, before the game and during the game. And performance account for the largest proportion in the state of after the game. 2. According to the results of the coping strategies adopted by outstanding women volleyball players when facing stress sources during the five stages, I found that mutual communication account for the largest proportion in the state of daily life. Self-talk account for the largest proportion in the states of before training, before the game, and during the game. Positive thinking and ignoring the pressure account for the largest proportion in the state of after the game. It can be seen from the above that the players themselves can notice their own stressors and their impacts, and would try to use various methods to reduce their stresses, but they tend to use their own experiences to deal with it, rather than really using psychomotor skills training to control and reduce their stresses, and regulate inner instability. Therefore, special psychological trainers should be hired, and they should schedule long-term training plan. Through special training, players’ normal or athletic performance could tend to be stabilized, and it can be used at critical moments to improve players’ athletic performance, making Taiwanese players shine on the international stage.