運用FMEA技術提升國軍後勤保修作業流程之研究-以陸軍某單位二級廠為例

國軍的後勤單位，成立的目的可說是與民間企業雷同，只是民間企業竭盡所能的滿足一般大眾的需求，進而獲利；而國軍後勤的單位則是為了滿足部隊的需求，達到有效戰力。Webster辭典對後勤的定義為：「軍事物資、設施，以及人員的獲得、維持及移轉。」(the procurement, maintenance, and transportation of military material, facilities, and personnel.)。從這一個簡潔但廣泛的定義中，我們可以看出後勤是一些活動的總稱，這些活動包括獲得、維持以及轉移；這些活動的對象則包括了軍事物資、設施以及人員。本研究以北區某單位二級廠為背景，首先以國軍後勤保養的推動，如何做到改善保修效能，提升裝備妥善，再探討單位段維保作業，將二級廠進廠作業透過失效模式與效應分析(FMEA)，再利用風險優先值(RPN)，探討影響作業流程的失效模式與效應分析，並藉專家之經驗與技術，加以評定各失效因子之風險優先值，再以專家訪談方式，藉以提出改善建議，提升國軍裝備進廠之整體效益。

關鍵字

後勤；維保；失效模式與效應分析

並列摘要

The function of Republic of China (ROC) military logistic units is almost the same as normal companies. The business goal of normal company is profit seeking, while the National Army's logistics unit is designed to meet the needs of the troops and achieve effective combat capability. The definition of logistics in online Merriam-Webster Dictionary is the aspect of military science dealing with the procurement, maintenance, and transportation of military materials, facilities, and personnel. From this brief and general definition, logistics is a generic term including procurement, sustainment and transformation, whose objects are military materials, facilities, and personnel. In this research, a second level maintenance shop in the north district is as a case. First, the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is used to find the failure modes of the equipment into the plant, and then the risk priority value (RPN) is used to rank the items that need to be improved. Based on the opinions of experts, the RPN value of each failure mode is evaluated, and it is hoped that the overall efficiency of the National Army equipment into the maintenance shop can be improved by the suggestions of this research.