「愛的勞務」-以失能老人之家庭照顧為例

"A LABOR OF LOVE"-USING HOME-HEALTH CARE OF DISABLED ELDERLY AS AN EXAMPLE

李佩君(Pei-Chun Lee)

指導教授 ： 沈幼蓀

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究之主要目的為探討在台灣社會中失能老人之家庭照顧狀況，以暸解家庭照顧者
之主觀照顧經驗與感受，採用質性研究方式進行深度訪談與觀察。由於家庭結構與經濟條
件的改變，婦女投入勞動市場，「家庭」及其背後所隱含的支持能量，已經是變得十分地
脆弱，甚至於可能會因為突發事件、疾病住院、長期養護等等的風險事故，而牽絆著家庭
功能的正常運作。照顧工作往往帶給照顧者極高的個人成本，所以這份以愛為出發點的勞
務工作，也伴隨著不少負荷與重擔。但照顧是包含了愛與感覺的情緒反應，也是一組勞務
及工作的活動，照顧者扛起繁重的照顧工作，在身心煎熬下只剩剝削後的身體、耗竭的情
感、經濟的重擔與社會參與的困境。研究發現，照顧者試著找出不對老人感到生氣或憎恨
的理由與方法，這其中包含了對老人情緒的安撫、忍受、僞裝、同理心以及對老人的深表
同情。照顧工作把照顧者的時間分割的非常片斷，對照顧者的社會參與產生很大的影響，
照顧者因擔憂老人突發狀況隨時可能發生，所以身心受限制，無法出遠門；照顧工作也影
響照顧者的婚姻甚鉅。本研究特別以照顧者的觀點來探討老人氣切、老而不養、苟延殘喘、
機構安養等議題，分析當照顧者欲擺脫與老人連結的枷鎖時產生的心理掙扎，並如何看待
貧病老殘之折磨。為回應照顧者之主觀負荷，分別以照顧者在身體病痛的調適、情緒壓力
的紓解、財務困境的因應以及照顧工作的正向經驗、使用社會福利的救濟與補助以及探索
外籍家庭看護工分擔照顧工作的情形等小節來陳述。在照顧者主觀負荷中，以經濟負荷為
最重，這顯示家庭照顧者因經濟資源的限制，大多只能選擇由家庭照顧，特別當老人有入
住機構需求時，有些家庭考量經濟因素，無法請外勞分擔或送機構安養，仍勉強將失能老
人留在家中照顧。因此，如何增權並賦與家庭更多的照顧能力，政府勢必需要儘速發展各
項長期照顧服務模式，以滿足功能障礙者及其照顧者之照顧需求。
關鍵詞：失能老人、家庭照顧

關鍵字

失能老人 ； 家庭照顧

並列摘要

The purpose of this study to explore the Taiwan society of disabled elderly home
health-care situation, to learn to take care of a home caregiver’s subjective experience
and feelings, using qualitative research methods for in-depth interviews and observation.
As the family structure and changes in economic conditions, women entering the labor
market, "family" and its implicit support behind the energy is to become very fragile,
and even may be unexpected events, disease patient, long-term conservation, etc. such
as the risk of accidents and the impact the normal operation of family function.Home
health-care doctors often bring a very high personal cost. Home health-care with love as
the starting point of the labor work is also accompanied by a lot of load and the burden.
However, care is the emotional reaction included in love and feels, is also a kind of
labor and work activities, caregiver take care of picking up of the heavy work under
physical and psychological torment only after the exploitation of the physical,
emotional exhaustion, the burden of economic and social participation predicament. The
study found that caregivers to try to identify the elderly do not feel angry or hate the
reasons and methods, which include the elderly, appease emotions, put up, camouflage,
empathy and sympathy for the elderly. Home health-care makes the time of caregiver
split the very clips, social participation of caregiver have a huge impact, caregiver
worried about the elderly because of unexpected may occur at any time, so the physical
and psychological restricted to journey; home health-care also affects the marriage of
caregiver huge. In this study, particularly in view of the caregiver to examine the
tracheotomy, the elderly without support, linger, nursing homes such issues, analysis
when caregivers want to shake off the yoke of a link with the elderly when the
psychological struggle, and how to treat the poor, sick, old, residual of torture. In
response to subjective caregiver burden, respectively, to take care of those in the
physical pain of adjustment, to relieve emotional stress, financial difficulties, as well as
take care of work in response to a positive experience. The use of social welfare relief
and subsidies as well as exploring the domestic share of home health care workers and
other sections of the case to present. Subjective is burden in caring for those who with
the economic burden for most. This shows that family caregivers because of financial
resource constraints, most of them can only choose from family care, especially when
elderly patients are admitted institutions demand. Some families consider economic
factors; foreign workers cannot be shared or sent to nursing home, is still reluctant to
disabled elderly stay home to look after. Therefore, how to empower families and to
give more care capacity, the Government will be needed as soon as possible the
development of long-term care service delivery model to meet the needs of dysfunction
and demand of their caregiver’s home health-care.
Key words：disabled elderly、home health-care

並列關鍵字

disabled elderly ； home health-care

參考文獻

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