臺中市誘餌車防制汽車竊盜之成效研究

EFFECTS OF ANTI-AUTOTHEFT BAIT CAR STRATEGY IN TAICHUNG CITY

林炎田(Yen-Tian Lin)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

據統計台中市汽車竊盜犯罪自民國90年之後呈現穩定下降趨勢，在96年汽車竊盜發生率更創下占全國7.68％之新低紀錄，何以造成此趨勢？另汽車竊盜案件破獲率普遍高逾五成，但緝獲嫌犯數則明顯偏低，如何能真正提高破獲率？台中市於95年8月15日正式實施「誘餌車專案計畫」，據統計資料近十年汽車竊盜破獲率逐年上升，於96年高達59.41%，誘餌車對於汽車竊盜之破獲是否有顯著成效？此乃研究誘餌車偵防汽車竊盜之成效的動機。
台中市自95年8月15日首度實施GPRS誘餌車以來，在96年期間成效比起全國地區汽車竊盜下降數據來的耀眼，其結合行動世代科技之偵防策略模式是國內前所未見，能否成為國內下一個偵防汽機車竊盜的主流，值得做一番檢視與探討，或許可提供未來在汽機車偵防工作之幫助。
本研究使用準實驗研究設計，採用測量的方法，以台中市（第二分局）、嘉義市（第一分局）兩個都會區作為受試都市，台中市為實驗組，嘉義市為對照組，比較台中市實施誘餌車偵防前後各30個月之汽車竊盜犯罪率、破獲率，透過資料收集、實施焦點座談。焦點座談分析結果如下：（一）實施狀況：如果臨時發生特定車種失竊率偏高想換誘餌汽車，無法立即更換；常換流行的車種當誘餌車，比較能吸引歹徒；專案人員執行勤務比較落實；執行者勤務過多（二）偵防效果：各單位依據編排時間領用誘餌汽車，在轄內失竊率較高之處所實施；GPRS發報時間有誤差，影響偵辦速度；勤務落實是破案關鍵（三）未來發展：使用消耗性追蹤器、攝影裝置，追蹤贓車至解體工廠；購置、租用誘餌自行車、機車；租用的誘餌車儘量不要用隔熱紙。量化分析結果如下：實施誘餌車偵防策略後，失竊率顯著下降、破獲率未顯著上升、策略之推動順序，於分局偵防成效有差異（與分局勤務落實、偵防策略執行方向相關）、策略之推動有效促使汽車破壞竊盜數下降。
研究結論如下：誘餌車偵防策略事前預防成效佳、策略成功與否在於員警勤務之落實、誘餌車偵防策略為情境犯罪預防理論之體現、誘餌車之倫理議題謅議、汽車竊盜破獲嚇阻作用之天花板效應。據此，研究者提出六點建議：（一）消耗性追蹤器材使用有助於破獲率之提升（二）擬定專案執行及績效考核制度（三）推展至誘餌機車、自行車（四）藉由媒體行銷、落實見警率以強化嚇阻效果（五）建立汽車失竊及衛星定位資料庫（六）提供未來研究者研究方向-與被害民眾、員警深度訪談或實施問卷調查，瞭解普遍性汽車竊盜偵防策略之期待與落實狀況，俾利具體策略之擬定。

關鍵詞：誘餌車；汽車竊盜

關鍵字

誘餌車 ； 汽車竊盜

並列摘要

According to statistics, the crimes of auto theft in Taichung city present the stable declining trend after 2001.In 2007 the 7.68％ incidences in country of auto theft created a new and lower record. What was the cause of this trend？The rate of ferreting out auto theft cases were generally higher than 50％,but the number of catching the suspect was significantly lower. How does it to improve the rate of ferreting out truly? August 15 2006,”the baited car project plan” officially put into practice in Taichung city. According to statistics, the rate of ferreting out auto theft was increasing year by year in the last ten years. And it was up to 59.41% in 2007.Did it work significantly to use baited car for ferreting out auto theft? This is the reason to research the effective of using baited car to prevent auto theft.
Since August 15 2006, the first time put GPRS baited car into practice in Taichung city, the effect of decreasing auto theft data was batter than other areas during 2007.Its combination of action-generation technology of the investigation and prevention strategy pattern is the unprecedented. Dose it become another main stream of investigating and preventing auto theft? It deserves to survey and discuss. Maybe it can be a help to investigate and prevent auto theft for the future.
This study used a Quasi-experiments Research design and measurement method. 2nd Precinct of Taichung City Police Bureau and First Precinct of Chiayi City Police Bureau, the two metropolitan areas were subject cities. Taichung City was experimental group, and Chiayi City was comparison group. Compared the rate of auto theft crime and ferreting out about 30 months before and after the implementation of using baited car to investigate and prevent in Taichung City, and through data collection, implementation of focus discussion. Focus discussion analysis was as follows：1. The situation of implementation：If an emergency occurs the high rate of specific types of vehicles been stolen, it was impossible to change the bait car immediately. Often replace the popular vehicle types to be baited car, more able to attract criminals; Those people who in charge of this case performed their duty well-done; Those people who in charge of this case had too much jobs. 2. The effect of investigating and preventing：Each unit based on the time schedule requisitioned bait car, and it implemented at a higher rate of theft premises; GPRS transmitted time a margin of error ,so it impacted investigation Speed; Performed the duty well-done was the key to solve the case; 3.Development in the future：Use expendable tracker、camera device , and track loot vehicle to disintegration factory; Buy and rent bicycles、motorcycles for baiting；The rental baited car is using without thermal paper as far as possible. The quantification analysis result is as follows：After implement the strategy of using baited car to investigate and prevent, the victim rate remarkable drop; The rate of ferreting out theft wasn’t increased significantly; the order of driving strategy in the branch has different effect of investigation and prevention（it was in connection with the branch performing their duty well-done or not ,and the implemental direction of ploy for investigation and prevention）.Setting strategy into action can effectively make the number of auto theft and destruction to drop.
The conclusion of study was as follows: the investigation and prevention strategy of baited car had a great effect in advance. Strategy was successful or not to depend on the police performing their duty well-done. The investigation and prevention strategy of baited car was the representing of preventing situational crime theory. The ethics subject of baited car has something to discuss. The effect of frightening and stopping ferreting out auto theft crime had ceiling effect. So the researchers put forward six suggestions:1. Using expendable tracking tracker was help to increase the rate of ferreting out.2. Draws up the special case execution and the achievements system of examining and assessment.3. Develop using baited bicycles and motorcycles.4. Because of media marketing and implementing the rate of seeing the police can strengthen the effect of frightening and stopping.5. Set up the database of auto theft and GPS.6. Provide direction of study for the future researchers- Have depth interview or implementation questionnaire survey with the victims and the police officers.

Keyword：bait car,autotheft

並列關鍵字

bait car ； Autotheft

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