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  • 學位論文

台灣農村發展與治理制度變遷之研究

Rural Development and Changes of Governance Institution in Taiwan

指導教授 : 周志龍
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摘要


調節理論提供了一個以制度變遷為研究取向的分析架構。制度的功能發揮建立於與政治、經濟及社會整體大環境的和諧接軌關係之上,進而產生時代的功能與正面的回饋,若社會敵對及持續積累的困境導致予盾大於正面功能,制度將瓦解並被推翻,因此凸顯了社會調節的重要。本研究將戰後演化至今的農村發展分為三個階段做解釋性研究,探討各歷史階段在政治、經濟及社會環境的影響下,所做的制度性回應;從黃金時期國家掛帥的發展模式演變至農工交叉時期引發的國家正當性危機,反映的是農村日復一日的衰頹;七○年代後期歷史走入後工業化的時代演替,後生產主義不斷以實驗性政策尋求農村的穩定發展,現階段國家正試圖以農村再生治理再介入。本研究發現,為了因應新世代多元化的空間結構變遷,過去由上而下的威權治理已無法適應時代的發展,農村治理的各項政策必須落實至小單元的社區空間,強調由下而上的社區賦權精神以形塑新農村競爭力。國家角色也從過去的「主導」轉變為「支持」,由「生產型國家」走向社會剩餘重新分配的「農業福利國家」新功能定位,而新農村競爭力的建構對於農業福利國將會是持續的財政依賴與永遠的挑戰。

並列摘要


Regulation theory provides an analytic structure that takes institutional change as the research approach. The function of institution is established from the coherent articulation of the political, economic and social environment, and then produces time functions and positive feedback. If social conflicts and the predicaments of continuous accumulation lead to more contradictions than positive functions, the institution will collapse and be overthrown. This therefore shows the importance of social regulation. This research divides rural development areas from postwar to present into three stages and explores the institutional evolution and associated influences of political, economic and social environment. During golden age, the model of developmentalist state had evolved during the changing period from agricultural to industrial sectors and evoked national legitimacy crisis in agricultural sectors as the reflection of continuous degeneration of rural areas. After the late 1980s of the succession of post-industrial society, post-productivism has constantly sought for stable rural development with experimental policies. At the present stage, the state is attempting the re-intervention with rural regeneration. It is found that in order to cope with the diverse spatial structures in new generation, the top-down authoritarian governance in the past can no longer adapt to the times. Instead, policies of rural governance need to be carried out in community space as small unit, and the spirit of bottom-up community empowerment is emphasized to shape new rural competitiveness. State role has shifted from “leading” to “support”, from “productivist state” to “agricultural welfare state” as new functional position and to the redistribution of social surplus. The construction of new rural competitiveness will be a continuous financial dependence and everlasting challenge for an agricultural welfare state.

參考文獻


劉志偉、柯志明(2000),「戰後糧政體制的建立與土地制度轉型過程中的國家、地主與農民(1945-1953),《台灣史研究》9(1):107-180,中央研究院台灣史研究所籌備處。
劉健哲(2004)「農村建設規劃模式及機制之研究」,行政院農業委員會水土保持局。
劉健哲、黃炳文(2007)「加入WTO後台灣農產貿易之變遷與課題」,《中華農學會報》8(1):21-34。
蔡英文、莊益增、傅大為、王俊豪、黃樹仁、楊儒賓(2005)「從520農運到白米客─看台灣農村經濟、土地和人文」座談會,《政治與社會哲學評論》13:201-242。
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被引用紀錄


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黃一翔(2011)。農村再生計畫之自主治理制度分析─以新竹縣北埔鄉南埔村為例〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-2807201114033400
康靜華(2013)。臺灣農村再生機制之研究-以農村發展模式為核心〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-0309201306153400
廖錦男(2015)。我國偏鄉地區發展困境政策問題認定:以雲林縣台西鄉為例〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614015997
彭亞凡(2016)。新北市三峽區農會社會資本的探討―地方角色觀點〔碩士論文,國立臺北大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0023-1303201714254704

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