自願退休公務人員月退休金起支年齡延後方案 預評估之研究－以行政院衛生署為例

The Study of the Pre-evaluation on Extending the Payment Commencement Age by Monthly Pension of Voluntary Retired Government Employee-Based onthe Department of Health, Executive Yuan

黃宣榕(XUAN-RONG HUANG)

指導教授 ： 陳金貴

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/公共行政暨政策學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

為因應高齡化社會發展趨勢，增進現行退休制度之健全合理，銓敘部經過研議後，規劃「自願退休公務人員月退休金起支年齡延後方案」，納入公務人員退休法修正草案，作為改革公務人員退休制度的基礎，並將於民國100年1月1日實施。
值此公務人員退休制度重大變革之際，不僅造成公務人員退休時擇領月退休金條件變動及影響個人基本權益，更引發朝野高度關注與民眾廣泛討論，本研究採用文獻分析法與深度訪談法，對於自願退休公務人員月退休金起支年齡延後方案進行預評估之研究，希望透過政策利害關係者(標的人口、政策執行者)的觀點，探討其對改革方案之實施背景、目標、設計內涵之認知度、對改革方案的接受度及改革方案對退休行為的轉變等問題，研析改革方案之可行性及可能帶來的衝擊或影響。
依據研究結果顯示，政策利害關係者對改革方案的認知度（一~三）、接受度（四~五）及改革方案對退休行為的轉變（六~八）如下：
一、對於改革方案的看法（政策背景）及瞭解程度，與銓敘部規劃之政策目標存有落差。
二、對於改革方案實施後，將領取月退休金的年齡延後認知不一。
三、關於改革方案對現職公務人員訂有10年過渡期措施之看法，大部份受訪者對表示認同，認為是合理的規劃。
四、對於改革方案中，將以「任職滿25年」之條件申請自願退休人員，其擇領月退休金之最低年齡，由現行50歲漸進調整延後的作法，贊成者的意見可類歸為：財政考量、政策時空環境變遷、經驗傳承等三種因素；反對者的意見可類歸為：對退休後生活安置的疑慮、影響工作士氣或工作效率及產生不適任之情形等三種因素。
五、配合月退休金起支年齡提高，改革方案規劃實施展期月退休金及減額月退休金之措施，雖增加退休金給付之彈性，給付項目內容顯得比較多元化，讓公務人員可以依據個人需求自行選擇，惟受訪者表示必須根據退休當下的工作或經濟情況，予以綜合考量後才會決定選擇展期或減額月退休金。
六、對公務人員「理想」退休年齡之探討與政策規劃一致。
七、改革方案實施後，對於公務人員原本規劃的退休年齡產生多元的影響結果。
八、改革方案修法通過實施後，公務人員擇領一次退休金與月退休金之比例將不變。
最後，筆者依據研究結果提出研究發現與研究建議，作為主管機關瞭解政策利害關係人對改革的「主張」與「關切」，俾作為未來退休法制規劃之參考。

關鍵字

退休；自願退休公務人員月退休金起支年齡延後方案；85制；預評估

並列摘要

In order to cope with the development trend of the aging society and to increase the reasonability of the present retirement system, the Extension of the 「Payment Commencement Age of Monthly Pension of Voluntary Retired Government Employee Program」 was planned after study by the Ministry of Civil Service. This program was included into the Government Employee Retirement Act Amendment Draft as the basis of reforming the retirement system of government employees and this will be implemented from January 1, 2011.
At the time when there is major reform on retirement system of government employees, no only this will cause change in the selection of monthly collection of pension by the government employees and will affect the personal basic right, it also cause high concern by the entire nation and broad discussion by the general public. This research adopts the literature analysis method and in-depth interview method to conduct pre-evaluation on the Extending the Payment Commencement Age of Monthly Pension of Voluntary Retired Government Employee Program. Through the viewpoint of the policy interest parties (object population, policy executor), it is hoped to explore the background of the implementation of the reform program, objective, perception of the design connotation, the acceptance of the reform program and the change of retirement behavior by the reform program. This is to study the feasibility of the reform program and the impact or effect that may bring in.
According to the result it shows the perception (1~3), acceptance(4~5) by the interested parties on the reform program and the change of retirement behavior on the reform program (6~8) as follows:
1. The point of view (policy background) and the level of understanding on the reform program are different from the policy objective planned by the Ministry of Civil Service.
2. After the implementation of the reform program, perception of the extension of the age of collection of monthly pension is not the same.
3. In regard to the point of view of present government employees on the stipulation of ten years transition period measures of the reform program. Most of the persons being interviewed recognize that this is a reasonable planning.
4. In the reform program, the condition of holding a post for a full 25 years for voluntary retired personnel, the minimum age of collecting monthly pension shall adjust and extend the age progressively from the present 50 years old. The opinion of in favor of can be categorized as three factors: financial consideration, policy time and space environment change and experience pass on. The opinion of not in favor can be categorized as three factors: worry on the life settlement after retirement, affect the work moral or work efficiency and generate unsuitability etc.
5. Coping with the increase of the commencing age of monthly pension and for the reform program planning implementation of the extension of monthly pension and the measure of reduced amount of monthly pension, although the flexibility of payment of pension is increased, the payment item content is comparatively diversified, the government employees will select by themselves according to the personal requirement, yet persons being interviewed express general consideration will be given under the work or economic condition of the retirement to select extension or reduced amount monthly pension.
6. On the study of the ideal retirement age for the government employees is the same as the policy planning.
7. After the implementation of the reform program, there is diversified effect result on the original planned retirement age of government employees.
8. After the amendment of law for the reform program and its implementation the percentage of selecting one time collection of pension and monthly pension by the government employees remain unchanged.
Finally, the writer presents the research findings and suggestion according to the research results as the understanding by the competent authority on the 「view」 and 「concern」 by the interested parties on the reform so that it can the reference of the retirement legal system planning in the future.

並列關鍵字

retirement,；extending the payment commencement age,；85 system；,pre-evaluation

參考文獻

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