身心障礙人力資源需求之空間異質性因素探討-以雙北地區為例

Spatial Heterogenity Factor Exploration of Human Resource Needs for the Disabled - In Case of Taipei and New Taipei Cities

葉茗宏(YEH,MING-HUNG)

指導教授 ： 雷淑儀

共同指導教授 ： 宋文昌

國立臺北大學/商學院/統計學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

近年隨著一般人口的平均壽命延長,身心功能障礙者的平均壽命亦有
延長的趨勢以及老化的現象,使得身心障礙人數逐年增加;導致身心障礙醫療照護與人力資源上的不足。另外除了身障者對於健康與醫療服務的需求,其主要照顧者也有老化及死亡的問題,因此有短期的醫療需求外,也需要長期的社會照顧。本研究以雙北市 ( 台北市、新北市 ) 共 41 個行政區,2011 年身心障礙人力資源為例,利用全域型空間自我相關 (Global Spatial Autocorrelation) 中的 Moran's I 及區域型空間自我相關 (Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation, LISA) 檢定變數是否具有空間相關,進一步配適貝氏空間模型 (Bayesian Spatial Model) 和並利用 R 軟體中的 R2 BayesX 繪出圖形並進一步分析結果。 期透過地圖呈現顏色區塊,以了解雙北市地區身心障礙人力資源的空間分佈狀況,並找出造成身心障礙人力資源在空間分布上差異 (geographic disparity) 的相關因素,以空間面向方式呈現研究結果,作為相關單位提升身心障礙福利措施改進之參考。

關鍵字

身心障礙 ； 人力資源 ； 貝氏空間模型

並列摘要

In recent years, with the extension of the average life expectancy of the population, and the trend of aging for disabilities, cause the increasing disabled population gradually, and inadequacy for health care and human resources.
In addition to the demand of the handicapped for health and medical service, the main caregivers all have the problems of aging and death.Therefore, there are short-term medical needs as well as long-term social care.As an example
of disabled human resource of the number of service people in Taipei and New Taipei Cities, a total of 41 administrative districts of 2011, Global Spatial
Autocorrelation in Moran’s I and Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation are used to investigate if there exists spatial correlation between variables.
Furthermore, Bayesian spatial regression model is fitted by R2 BayesX in R software to draw graphics and analyze the results.Hopefully through maps showing color blocks, it is achievable to understand the distribution of the number of service people in all the districts of Taipei and New Taipei
Cities, and to identify related factors to the geographic disparity of the number of service people, with space for presenting research results to relevant units as a reference to promote social welfare measures.

並列關鍵字

disability ； human-resource ； Bayesian Spatial Model

參考文獻

董和銳 (2003),身心障礙之概念架構與社會意涵.身心障礙研究季刊,1(1),32-42.

郭迺鋒、梁益誠、王暐婷 (2008),台灣總統大選政黨得票率之空間分析–地理加權迴歸方法之應用,地理資訊系統季刊第 2 卷 第 4 期。

Anselin, L. (1988).Spatial econometrics: methods and models (Vol.4).Kluwer Academic Pub.

Anselin, L. (1995).Local indicators of spatial association–LISA. Geographicalanalysis , 27(2), 93-115.

Anselin, L., & Kelejian, H. H. (1997). Testing for spatial error autocorrelation in the presence of endogenous regressors.International Regional Science Review, 20(1-2), 153-182.