有「子」萬事足？子女性別與婚姻滿意度、婚姻衝突之研究

Satisfied Everything After Owing a “Son”? Child Gender, Marital Satisfaction, and Marital Conflict in Taiwan

曾惠玲(TSENG,HUI-LING)

指導教授 ： 楊文山 ； 蔡明璋

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/社會學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

相較於西方，臺灣新生兒性別比嚴重失衡，男孩偏好(boy preference)情形顯著，在臺灣重視家族觀念及孝道觀的文化背景下，子女性別成為婚姻關係中重要的議題，然而針對子女性別進行婚姻滿意度、婚姻衝突的研究卻付之闕如。本研究系採用中央研究院2006年「台灣社會變遷基本調查」第五期第二次「家庭組」問卷資料，並參考中西方文獻以探討子女性別與婚姻滿意度、婚姻衝突的關係。首先探討子女性別、受訪者性別與婚姻滿意度、婚姻衝突的關係，接著納入個人背景因素及家庭因素進行討論。
結果顯示，與男性擁有全為女孩者相比，女性擁有全為男孩者婚姻滿意度較高；在受訪者性別上，與男性相比，女性的婚姻滿意度較低且婚姻衝突的頻率較高；與全為女孩者相比，家中有男女孩兩個子女性別者，無論女孩多男孩，或男孩多於女孩，其婚姻衝突的頻率較低。
在個人背景與家庭因素中，世代、結婚年齡與受訪者的婚姻滿意度呈現相關；教育程度、受訪者年齡與婚姻衝突達顯著，而受訪者族群、夫妻認識方式、家庭生命週期、為了傳宗接代，至少生一個男孩的想法與婚姻滿意度、婚姻衝突未達顯著相關。

關鍵字

子女性別；婚姻滿意度；婚姻衝突

並列摘要

In comparison to the West, a clear disparity is present in Taiwan's newborn sex ratio showing the culture’s preference for male children. Due to the importance placed on family and the filial piety in Taiwan, the gender of children has become an important issue in marriage. However, the research about child gender related to marital satisfaction and marital conflict is absent. In this study, we used the Taiwan Social Change Survey, Fifth Wave of the Second Phase (5-2), and while referencing Western and Taiwanese literature in order to explore the relationship between child gender and marital satisfaction or marital conflict. First, the research discusses child gender, the respondent’s gender, and their marital satisfaction and conflict. Next, we incorporated the factors of personal and family background into our discussion.
The results show that women who have all boys reported higher marital satisfaction than the men who have all girls. By comparing the overall gender of respondents, it is revealed that women have lower marital satisfaction and higher frequency of marital conflict compared with men. When comparing all women, the ones who have mixed child gender in their family have lower frequency of marital conflict, whether they have more boys or more girls.
With regard to personal and family background, the generation and the marriage age are correlated to the respondents’ marital satisfaction; the educational level and respondents’ age to the marital conflict are significant. The groups of respondents, the way the husband and wife met, the family life cycle, and the thoughts about having at least one boy to carry on the family name, are not significantly related to marital satisfaction or conflict.

並列關鍵字

Child gender: ； marital satisfaction ； martial conflict

參考文獻

沈瓊桃、陳姿勳，2004，＜家庭生命週期與婚姻滿意度關係之探討＞。«社會政策與社會工作學刊»8(1)：133-170。

利翠珊、蕭英玲，2008，＜華人婚姻品質的維繫：衝突與忍讓的中介效果＞。«本土心理學研究»29：77-116。

傅仰止、張晉芬，2007，＜台灣社會變遷基本調查計畫第五期第二次調查計畫執行報告＞。頁1-13。台北：中央研究院社會學研究所。

劉惠琴，2003，＜夫妻衝突調適歷程的測量＞。«中華心理衛生學刊»，1(16)：23-25。

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