親密關係犯罪者生命歷程之研究

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE LIFE-COURSE OF INTIMATE OFFENDERS

蕭琬玲(Wan-Ling Hsiao)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

從許多社會新聞報導中吾人可知同樣具有犯罪行為的親密伴侶並不少見，但在犯罪學領域卻鮮少針對此種現象進行研究。本研究之目的在於1.了解同樣具有犯罪行為的伴侶彼此的生命歷程是否具有相似性，兩人又是如何相遇交往？2.親密關係的建立對雙方犯罪行為是否有影響？是否有性別上的差異？3.期望透過此次研究對該議題建立一個概略性的初探，並且針對研究發現提出建議，做為犯罪防治的參考。
本研究訪談台北看守所及新店戒治所四對受刑人伴侶後發現：1.受訪伴侶的生命歷程具有相似性，包含相似的家庭背景、家庭失功能、求學時期對學校的依附性低、在青少年時期就出現偏差行為，並且結交偏差友伴，進而開始接觸毒品等，成年之後不斷在用毒行為、用毒伴侶和結交毒友三者之間循環。2.受訪者因為自身的用毒行為導致在人際關係上的退縮，漸漸與一般的朋友疏離，因此在成年之後結交的朋友和伴侶也多是吸毒者，使他們難以發展正向的社會網絡，即偏差行為不只是依變項，也是自變項。3.結交用毒伴侶對男性和女性而言都有負面的影響，雖然對部分女性受訪者曾在伴侶協助下短暫地戒除毒癮，但整體來看與用毒伴侶交往卻增加了女性受訪者毒品可得性，比起男性而言，對其用毒行為更具有不利的影響。
從本研究發現可知偏差行為與偏差伴侶之間具有高度的相互關聯性，且從許多相關實證研究中也可發現不良的家庭結構變項及家人偏差行為對下一代具有負面影響，為避免落入這樣的危險循環，本研究建議：1.家庭方面：提高家庭功能。2.學校方面：提高學生對學校的依附力，防止翹課情形。3.提升犯罪者個人的自尊與自信，以發展利社會的人際網絡。

關鍵字

親密關係 ； 犯罪伴侶 ； 生命歷程

並列摘要

Newspaper reports of intimate offender are popular, but few studies have been reported. The purposes of this study are as followed: (1) To find out the similarity of the life-course between intimate offenders and the process of matching. (2) To seek the influence of intimate relationship on their criminal behavior and the difference between male and female. Moreover, based on the results of this research, some suggestions for crime prevention are purposed.
After interviewing four couples in Taipei detention center and Sindian drug abuser treatment center, the results are as followed:
1. There are many similarities on the life-course of intimate offenders, including similar family background, dysfunctional family, weak attachment to school. They also did different deviant behaviors, associated with delinquent peers, used drug in their adolescence.As they step into adulthood, they involve in the circle of drug abusing, addicted romantic partners and friends.
2. Because of using drugs they tend to keep regular friends at a distance, and associate with addicted friends and partners. Thus developing positive social network is difficult for them.
3. Having a drug abuser as a romantic partner is negative for both male and female, but more for female. For female, pairing with addicted partners will increase the drug availability, although two female criminals abstained from drugs under the assistance of their ex-partners.
This study shows that delinquent behavior and deviant partners are closely related. To broke the dangerlous circle of crime, this research has following suggestions: (1) on the family: reinforce the family funcition. (2) on the school: promote the adolescent’s attachment to school and avoid truancy. (3) raise the criminal’s individual self-esteem and confidence for developing pro-socail network.

並列關鍵字

intimate relationship ； intimate offender ； life-course

參考文獻

汪明亮等譯，Robert J. Sampson & John H.Laub著

吳芝儀、李奉儒譯，Michael Quinn Patton著

2007a 《犯罪學》，修訂四版。台北：三民。

Burleson, B.R., Kunkel, A.W. and Jennifer D. Birch

1994 Thoughts about talk in romantic relationships: Similarity makes for attraction (and happiness,too) Communication Quarterly 42(3):259-273.