社會資本與社區安全推動關聯之探討－以台北市內湖安全社區為例

An Analysis of the Relationship between Social Capital and Community Safety Promotion: A Case of Neihu Safe Community in Taipei City

林家慧(Chia-Hui Lin)

指導教授 ： 張世賢

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/公共行政暨政策學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

在現今社會中，社群認同感普遍低落，犯罪率上升、各種意外或故意性傷害層出不窮，使得安全相關議題逐漸被國際間重視。世界衛生組織（WHO）更積極鼓勵全球各地推動安全社區運動，提倡安全社區認證之機制。其中，社會資本被視為是強化社區生活品質與永續發展之必備要素。

基此，本研究以2010年11月10日再次取得國際安全社區認證之內湖安全社區為個案探討對象，以對社區發展與品質提升等具重要意涵之社會資本角度切入，瞭解其推動與認證過程，並尋求成為國際安全社區與持續通過認證之關鍵成功要素，作為其他社區日後相關政策擬定與工作推行之參考。

本研究先以文獻分析法蒐集相關資料進行理論架構之統整，再以Ansell and Gash（2007: 550）檢視137個個案與相關研究文獻所確認出之協力治理模型為基礎架構，對台北市內湖區居民進行問卷調查，其中包括權力—資源—知識的對稱、參與動機、前例、制度設計、領導風格、面對面對話、信任建立、發展承諾、認知共享、協調成果以及內湖安全社區計畫推動成果等因素，藉相關分析、多元迴歸分析與結構方程模式等統計分析方法，驗證居民間社會資本多寡對於內湖安全社區計畫推動成果之影響，並藉相關人員深度訪談之結果輔助證實所得結論。

研究成果顯示，內湖安全社區確實具備豐厚之社會資本，且社會資本對於內湖社區能順利通過認證，成為國際安全社區之助益頗大。其中，認知共享與協調成果是最為關鍵之成功要素。藉資訊、資源分享，抑或社區活動舉辦，皆可加強安全促進觀念之宣導。聯合學校或是企業，設計與安全促進觀念相關之課程或講習，讓學生及民眾從實做中學習，亦可進一步喚起新血加入安全社區營造之工作。此外，許多社區問題之所以長久無法獲得改善，並非執行力不足，而是中間溝通存在著落差。若能強化關鍵推動單位之領導風格，確實發揮橋樑作用，定可徹底發揮社區安全計畫之功效，增進社區動員之可能性。

關鍵字

安全社區 ； 社會資本 ； 結構方程模式

並列摘要

Only recently, social safety related issues are being emphasized more than ever. The World Health Organization has been actively promoting safe community programs for decades. Social capital has been recognized to be essential to improving the quality of life and sustainable development of community. The case study here has picked up Neihu safe community, Taipei City, which has been designated the second time by WHO Collaborating Center on Community Safety Promotion since November 10, 2010. The study has utilized the social capital theory to understand how the District to implement its process getting designation as a safe community and has derived some key success factors as references to other districts in similar efforts.

After the documentary analysis, this paper adopts the model of collaborative governance by Ansell and Gash (2007: 550). It conducts both quantitative and qualitative approaches to the exploration of the relationship between social capital and community safety promotion. The quantitative approach includes Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and structural equation model, to explain the results of questionnaire investigation to the residents of Neihu community in Taipei City. The factors used in this study include power-resource-knowledge symmetries, incentives to participate, prehistory of cooperation or conflict, institutional design, facilitative leadership, face-to-face dialogue, trust building, commitment to process, shared understanding, intermediate outcomes and implementing outcomes of Neihu safe community. Furthermore, the paper applies depth interview with the main stakeholders to support the finding.

The finding of the study indicates that Neihu safe community is truly rich in social capital, and social capital is crucial to getting the certification of safe community from WHO. Moreover, the very key factors to the certification of safe community also include shared understanding and intermediate outcomes. Sharing information, resources or actively taking place in community activities can effectively enhance the residents’ awareness and understanding of safety promotion. In addition, providing lessons on how to promote a safe community can also inspire the residents to participate more in community building efforts and to pursue safe and healthy lifestyles. Finally, bad communication and interaction is found to have caused most of the community problems which remain unsolved over a long period of time. To empower effectively the key department’s facilitative leadership can not only establish good relationship between the local government and community residents, but also escalate the possibility of community mobilization to more safety.

並列關鍵字

safe community ； social capital ； structural equation model

參考文獻

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