引進新機隊模式之研究-以A330廣體客機為例

The Research of Using New Aircraft Type-The Evidence From A330 Widebody Aircraft

馬靜邦(Ma Ching-Pang)

指導教授 ： 朱炫璉

國立臺北大學/商學院/會計學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

航空產業對於全球景氣波動的敏感度非常高，且航空產業具有高飛航設備成本的特性，機隊的容量對於其營運成本有很大的影響，因此如何因應對經濟波動的敏感性，做最適當的機隊規劃以降低航空公司營運成本與增加營收一直是個很重要的管理議題。本研究欲以航空公司引進新機隊營運模式為重點，瞭解其對公司的經營效率影響，並進一步探討影響各航線效率的因素。本研究結果除可增加不同經營模式對效率影響之相關文獻外，亦可使個案公司管理當局瞭解其新經營模式施行是否有效，並作為個案公司或相關產業在進行是否增購新機型決策時提供參考建議。此外，透過瞭解影響航線效率的因素，可作為航空公司主管思考如何提升績效之參考。
本研究期間以一百零一年為實施新機隊模式前期間，一百零二年為實施新機隊模式後期間，透過資料包絡分析法衡量新機隊A330加入前後，航線的效率值，再進一步探討引進新機隊A330營運模式對效率值之影響。研究結果發現，引進新機隊A330客機對經營效率有正面助益。此外，載客率愈高，對效率有正向影響；航班數愈高，效率愈好；市場競爭度越高，效率值越大，市場占有率愈高，顯示顧客忠誠度較高或價格的選擇性較高，效率愈好；平均票價價愈高，營業收入愈好，效率愈好

關鍵字

資料包絡分析法 ； 經營模式 ； 經營效率 ； 航線

並列摘要

The aviation industry is highly sensitive to the global economy. Due to the high cost of flight equipment, the impact of aircraft capacity on operating cost is big. Therefore, how to adjust the flights for reducing the operating cost and increasing the revenues to fit the economy curve become an important issue. This study focuses on the efficiency of using new A330 as a new business model on flights in airlines and further explores the factors that affect the efficiency of the various routes. The results can not only enrich teh inefficiency of prior literature, but also let the airline understand the effectiveness of a new business models and provide suggestions when related industries make policy decisions. In addition, it may offer lessons for managers in airlines on how to improve performance by understanding the factors that affect airlines efficiency.
We examine the issue using field data obtained from an airline in Taiwan. As the case company started to use aircraft A330 in 2012, the sample period is from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 (the new business model period) and corresponding period of Janyary 1, 2011-December 31, 2011 (prior to the new business model period)The Data Envelopment Analysis model is applied to measure airline routes efficiency. In addition, tobit model and the effect of other factors that may also affect airline routes efficiency. The results show the advantage of using new A330. Moreover, the higher load factor have a positive impact on efficiency. The high flight number also brings higher efficiency. If the market is highly competitive, the efficiency will be higher which means the market share is bigger with higher customer loyalty or selective price. Finally, the research is also evidence that the higher average ticket price brings in higher revenues and better efficiency.

並列關鍵字

business model ； operational efficiency ； route ； DEA

參考文獻

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