數位式脈波寬度調變控制器的研究

Study of the digital pulse width modulation controller

佘卓霖(Cho-Lin She)

指導教授 ： 王炳聰

崑山科技大學/工程學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本論文旨在研究數位式之脈波寬度調變（Pulse-Width Modulation；PWM）控制器，應用在直流對直流轉換器（DC-DC Converter）的設計與實現方法，以設計出一套適用於可調整責任週期（Duty Cycle）之目的。而所發展之數位式脈波寬度調變控制器，除了具有較少的邏輯閘與可調式之責任週期外，亦要求數位式之脈波寬度調變控制器，可應用於直流對直流轉換器。
雖然脈波寬度調變控制器可分別藉由類比與數位之方法來實現，但類比式控制器較容易受溫度、元件老化之影響，導致系統不易修改等問題。而數位式控制器較無類比式之缺點，即數位式控制器可得到較準確的控制，不易受溫度的影響，且系統也易於修改，因此數位控制器優於類比的控制器。
本論文首先研究直流對直流轉換器之脈波寬度調變的理論與方法後，再利用數位邏輯電路之方法，設計一個純數位式PWM控制器，並使用FPGA來實現，最後配合一個8 bit A/D轉換器，以控制數位PWM控制器輸出之責任週期，並應用於降壓式直流對直流轉換器。

關鍵字

直流對直流轉換器 ； 脈波寬度調變器

並列摘要

This paper aims to study the application of the digital PWM controller in the dc-dc converter design and implementation method, with the purpose of designing a set of adjustable duty cycles. The developed digital PWM controller is not only required to have fewer logic gates and adjustable duty cycles, but also required to be applicable to the dc-dc converter.
The PWM controller can be implemented through either analog or digital methods, but the analog controller is liable to be affected by temperature and aging of the component, resulting in problems such as difficulty of modifying the system. A digital controller has no such problems, that is to say, a digital controller can have more precise control, will not be easily affected by temperature, and can be easily modified. Therefore, a digital controller is better than an analog controller.
This paper will first study the theory and method for the pulse width modulation of the dc-dc converter, and then use the method of digital logic circuit to design a pure digital PWM controller, and implement it with FPGA. At last, it will control the duty cycle of the digital PWM controller by combining an 8-bit A/D converter, and apply it to the buck dc-dc converter.

並列關鍵字

Pulse-Width Modulation ； DC-to-DC Converter

參考文獻

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