透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.133.149.168
  • 學位論文

新產品開發流程中的知識管理與智價資本-以遊戲軟體開發產業為例

Knowledge Management and Intellectural Capital of New Product Development Process with Game Software Development Firms as Case Study

指導教授 : 許昭民 余銘忠

摘要


創新可以維持企業的競爭優勢(Leonard & Sensiper, 1998),而知識的導入可以促進產品的創新。可見「知識」在新產品開發的過程中扮演著十分重要的角色。知識員工之所以取代過去的生產要素,而受到企業的重視,主要是因為附在其身上的內隱知識具有不易模仿及取得的特性。本研究採取個案研究為研究方法,並以深入訪談作及蒐集次級資料的方式來分析個案公司中研發部門的真實運作情形,藉以導出結論並提出建議。由於遊戲軟體開發公司之執行範圍屬創意導向,知識蘊含量甚高,係一知識型產業,故個案選定五家遊戲軟體開發公司作為個案研究的對象。   從研究中發現,在新產品開發的過程中,若企業的知識要有效率的創造及擴散分佈,則必須瞭解新產品開發各個階段所運用的知識特性及其使用的管理機制。新產品開發的每個階段都有不同的知識特性:個別知識基礎、知識架構及動態知識,在新產品開發的構想產生階段主要的知識為個別知識基礎,此階段的知識取得或創造皆須仰賴「人力資本」,亦即強調個人在此階段的重要性,個人的吸收能力有助於知識的創造及取得能力,因此企業在此階段必須重視研發成員的資歷;而執行階段及行動階段主要的知識為知識架構及動態知識,這兩個階段的知識擴散或流動必須依賴「社會資本」,亦即強調知識網絡的分佈(知識流動)情形。而研發團隊的知識網絡分佈主要受到團隊的組織結構及組織的成立的長短影響,故企業在這兩個階段應該要其強化其研發團隊之知識網絡的建構與互動。企業妥善地管理好人力資本及社會資本所運用的相關機制(吸收能力及知識網絡),進而能形成本身的核心能力,以獲得競爭優勢,而新產品即是知識運用的具體化成果。

並列摘要


Innovation can maintain competition advantage of a firm, and inject into knowledge can improve product innovation. Thus it can be seen knowledge play an important role in new product development process. Knowledge worker replace traditional elements become more important, result from tacit knowledge embedded in worker not easy to imitate and obtain. We used case study as method, with in-depth interview and questionary collecting. We choose five Game software development firms are belong to idea-orientated as sample. The central message from our analysis is that knowledge characteristic in each of stage in new product development process was different. Knowledge in idea-orient stage is knowledge base was obtained by human capital. Knowledge in implement and action stage is knowledge frame and knowledge dynamics were obtained by social capital.

參考文獻


[8] 黃吉村,”研發團隊成員之內隱知的流動與績效”,國立成功大學企業管理研究所博士論文,2003。
[9] Armbrecht, F. M. Ross, Chapas, Jr. R. B., and Chappelow, C. C. etal, 2001, “Knowledge Management in Research and Development”, Research and Technology Management, pp.28-48.
[11] Badaracco, J. 1991, “The Knowledge Link: How Firms Compete through Strategic Alliancees.” Havard Business School Press.
[13] Cooper, R. G. and Kleinschmidt, E. J., 1986,”An Investigation into the New Product Process: Steps, Deficienciesm and Impact”, Journal of Product Innovation Management.
[14] Cohen, W. M. and Levinthal, D.A., 1990, “Absorptine Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation”, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.35, 128-152

延伸閱讀