組織環境及員工電腦自我效能對員工數位學習成效之影響

The Influence of Intra-Organizational Environment and Employees' Computer Self-Efficacy on Their e-Learning Achievement

楊盈盈(Ying-Ying Yang)

指導教授 ： 陳嵩

崑山科技大學/商業管理學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6828/KSU.2008.00015

摘要

在競爭日趨激烈、顧客需求快速變動的市場，學習能使企業的市場資訊處理速度優於競爭對手，讓企業維持長期的競爭優勢。然而組織學習最終還是要透過組織內個別成員的學習，組織成員的學習與知識累積才是組織競爭優勢的唯一來源，因此對追求永續經營的企業而言，員工的學習扮演舉足輕重的角色。「數位學習(e-Learning)」則提供企業內部員工能夠隨時、隨地、不受時間與空間限制下的學習。 　　本研究以企業員工的數位學習為研究背景，以員工目標取向、電腦焦慮、學習策略為中介變數，探討、推論(1)個人因素（如電腦自我效能）對企業員工電腦焦慮的影響；(2)組織內部環境因素（包括組織的競爭心理氣氛及組織對學習的承諾）對企業員工目標取向（包括學習取向、證明取向）及電腦焦慮的影響；(3)企業員工的目標取向及電腦焦慮對其學習策略運用（包括認知策略、後設認知及資源經營策略）的影響；(4)企業員工的學習策略的運用對其學習成效（包括學習滿意度、知識獲得、技能提昇）的影響，並以使用D公司「ERP操作教學的E-learning」的218位企業員工為問卷調查實證對象。 　　結構方程模式(SEM)的路徑分析(path analysis)結果顯示，(1)企業員工的三種學習策略對各種學習成效皆呈顯著正向影響；(2)組織學習承諾主要是透過中介變項—學習目標取向及電腦焦慮間接影響其學習策略及學習成效；(3)組織競爭心理氣氛主要是透過中介變項—證明目標取向間接影響其學習策略及學習成效；(4)企業員工的電腦自我效能主要是透過中介變項—電腦焦慮間接影響其學習策略及學習成效。進一步比較顯示，組織學習承諾對學習滿意度及知識獲得的影響最大，個人電腦自我效能對技能提昇的影響最大。值得注意的是，理論上競爭心理氣氛應該會對員工造成負面影響，但本研究發現，競爭心理氣氛可提高員工的表現欲望（即證明目標取向），進而影響學習策略；顯然競爭心理氣氛對學習成效亦有正向影響，適當的競爭心理氣氛對影響員工的學習是有正面的幫助。最後，本研究依據實證結果分別對負責營造組織環境氣氛的企業高階主管、及負責推動員工教育訓練的人力資源部門提出建議。

關鍵字

組織內部環境 ； 電腦自我效能 ； 電腦焦慮 ； 目標取向 ； 數位學習

並列摘要

Facing increasing competition and increased customer sophistication, learning can help the enterprises to increase competitive advantages for long-team. To enterprise, it is not only the learning tendency in the future, but also the important part to come into economic knowledge. Therefore, how to train and enhance the ability of employees is important for the business. Learning has played an important role in business administrator. Recently the e-Learning classes are applied popularly in the enterprises.
This study, with the e-Learning of employees as its background, and treating employee’s goal orientations (including learning and proving goal orientation), computer anxiety and learning strategies as mediating variables, explores (1) the influence of employee’s computer self-efficacy to their computer anxiety, (2) the influence of intra- organizational environment (including competitive psychological climate and commitment to learning) to employee’s goal orientations and computer anxiety, (3) the influence of employee’s goal orientations and computer anxiety to their learning strategies, (4) the influence of employee’s learning strategies to their learning achievement. The participants were 218 employees from the entirprise using e-Learning platform for ERP.
A path analysis of the structural equation modeling shows that (1) employee’s learning strategies have significantly positive affect on their learning achievement, (2) organizational commitment to learning indirectly affects learning strategies and achievement through Intrinsic Motivation－learning goal orientation and computer anxiety, (3) competitive psychological climate indirectly affects learning strategies and achievement through Intrinsic Motivation－proving goal orientation, (4) employee’s computer self-efficacy indirectly affects learning strategies and achievement through Intrinsic Motivation－computer anxiety. The results also indicate that the effects of organizational commitment to learning on learning satisfaction and knowledge acquirement are much greater than on skills upgrading meanwhile computer self-efficacy significantly influence skills upgrading. This study explored competitive psychological climate can substantially increase employee’s proving goal orientation and thus influences learning strategies, although previous studies revealed that competitive psychological climate negatively influences employee’s performance. In short, competitive psychological climate positively influences learning achievement and moderate competitive psychological climate is beneficial to employee’s learning. Finally, managerial implications are provided for human resources management and department management.

並列關鍵字

Intra-Organizational Environment ； Computer Self-Efficacy ； Computer Anxiety ； Goal Orientations ； e-Learning

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