符合EPCglobal標準的RFID資訊系統設計與實作

本論文的研究動機為，有鑑於目前RFID Reader的控制介面，仍然屬於各RFID開發商自行定義的介面規格(Proprietary Reader Protocol)，因此在未來企業導入EPCglobal Network時，將無法沿用舊有的RFID Reader裝置，而且若使用具有EPCglobal RP存取介面的RFID Reader需具備較高階的處理晶片與記憶體空間，進而提高RFID Reader的硬體成本。基於現階段EPCglobal組織尚未完成EPCglobal Network中，各系統間使用的溝通介面格式規範與定義，因此本論文的目的為提出一個智慧型RFID中介軟體(IRM)系統架構與實作EPC-RPC系統結合SB2M模組、S2M模組和MD2M模組，以及透過物件導向軟體模組化的設計方式(XML來規範程式運作流程)，將有助於隨時適應未來EPCglobal RP標準變動，使EPC-RPC系統具有彈性擴充多樣化RFID Reader的能力、系統與模組之設計獨立性、階層式之EPC-RPC系統應用架構，並符合EPCglobal RP規格書規範的介面，讓企業導入EPCglobal Network時，透過EPC-RPC系統達成相容於舊有的RFID Reader設備之優勢。在EPCglobal RP標準規格書中，所定義Tag ID讀取後的資料回傳格式與Tag ID讀取事件，並非只將RFID Reader所讀取的Tag ID轉成XML格式，而是透過第三章Tag ID讀取狀態轉移圖的判斷條件，產生Tag ID讀取事件，並附加讀取時的完整性環境資訊後，傳送至應用端。而EPCglobal RP標準規格書並未說明時間參數的設定依據與應用情境。因此依據第五章定義的ReadDriven, TimeDriven兩種觸發Tag ID讀取狀態轉換的觸發條件，並定義Tag ID各個讀取事件所代表的意義，以及利用RFID Reader在多次的讀取過程中，可能重複讀取到相同的Tag ID之特性，來定義Tag ID的平均重複讀取率λ，藉此推導出Tag ID讀取事件之時間參數的設定公式。讓EPC-RPC系統得以使用正確的時間參數(如Reader Trigger, TGlimpsed, THObserved, TObserved, TLost)，將RFID Reader所讀取的Tag ID產生正確的讀取事件，讓應用端得以透過Notification Trigger時間參數，週期性地取得EPC-RPC系統所蒐集的Tag ID讀取事件資料。本論文所開發的EPC-RPC系統將基於Fosstrak RP函式庫，來提供應用程式端能夠使用EPCglobal RP介面與EPC-RPC系統，進行系統參數設定或取得RFID Reader所讀取Tag ID資料。而EPCglobal Network原設計者，麻省理工學院-工業自動化識別技術研究中心(MIT Auto-ID Center)所開發Fosstrak RP函式庫，則屬於Fosstrak(原為Accada計畫)計畫的一部分。現階段Fosstrak RP函式庫已通過EPCglobal組織的相容性驗證，藉此增加EPC-RPC系統的可信度與EPCglobal Network的相容性。

關鍵字

整合式智慧型中介軟體(IRM) ；電子產品碼(EPC) ； EPCglobal RP ；讀取驅動；時間驅動

並列摘要

In recent years, RFID has infinite potential for many applications in industrial and commercial activity including the manufacturing, the parcels tracing in supply chain, Medicare and the medicine protection, the intelligent commerce, the baggage processing at airport, transportation, processing management, network security management, defense and homeland security, as well as data gathering and filtering and event triggering applications. RFID belongs to the contactless identification system and comprises tags and RFID readers with the supported information system. For the purpose of incorporating with the applications of supply chain and logistics with EPCglobal Networks, the proposed IRM system with EPC-RPC is capable of flexibly extending a variety of RFID reader modules for the compatibility of the RFID readers with non-EPCglobal standards and for the future adaptability of the RFID readers with EPCglobal standards. Based on the EPCglobal RP standard, the original Tag ID information read by one of RFID reader modules then is conveyed to the EPC-RPC in the IRM. An XML formatted Tag ID information transformed from the original Tag ID information based on the Tag ID reading state transition diagram defined in the EPC-RPC performs the definition of return data of Tag ID read and the reading event of Tag ID. The desired XML formatted Tag ID information including the descriptive information of the EPC-RPC, the information of the connected RFID reader module, and the trigger time and reading events of the Tag ID will be sent to the applications in the EPCglobal networks. In this paper, we propose an IRM system, Intelligent RFID Middleware (IRM) system based on EPCglobal standards, in which we design and implement EPC-RPC system, Electronic Product Codes-Reader Protocol Controller (EPC-RPC) system, integrating with the object-oritented based RFID reader modules included with SB2M (Software Bridge to Middleware) module, S2M (Simulator to Middleware) module and MD2M (Mobile Device to Mddleware) module. We have developed the EPC-RPC system in the proposed IRM based on the Fosstrak Reader Protocol library. Many applications in the EPCgloabl networks can be efficiently and successfully performed through accessing the EPC-RPC in the proposed IRM system by usage of the EPCglobal RP interface for the setting of the system parameters and filtering and gathering the desired XML formatted Tag ID information.

並列關鍵字

IRM(Intelligent RFID Middleware) ； EPC ； EPCglobal RP ； EPC-RPC ； ReadDriven ； TimeDriven

參考文獻

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符合EPCglobal標準的RFID資訊系統設計與實作

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