社區居民文化資產保存認知、地方依附與願付價格關係之研究

文化資產隨時間的流轉與空間的位移，在現今仍被視為是一個國家與民族生活的精神象徵，對社區而言更是人跟環境、文化間的鏈結。臺灣早期在地理、歷史上存在著特殊性，造就了文化資產的多元，但近幾年來由於政策的不完善、都市更新所引發的衝突等問題導致文化資產的損壞及消逝，其次在保存過程中也處於由上到下、公部門主導文化資產維護保存困境，其中居民共同參與的部分更是較少被探討。但對社區居民來說文化資產在生活中所代表的重要意涵，是需透過在地的認同與支持去詮釋，讓位處在社區中的文化資產得以被彰顯與妥善保存。本研究透過探討虎尾鎮社區居民對文化資產保存認知與地方依附之關聯、分析居民對於文化資產的支付意願與否影響其願付價格，藉此尋找社區目前在文化資產保存上的相關問題。本研究藉由文獻蒐集與相關理論的建立，透過量化分析以灰關聯分析，針對2009年與2012年虎尾鎮社區居民文化資產保存認知與地方依附進行相關的調查，以了解虎尾鎮社區居民各別這兩年間的關聯性。後續因文化資產不具一般市場價格，因此應用非市場評估之條件評估法，以了解虎尾鎮社區居民是否願意支付某一費用以保存虎尾鎮在地文化資產。研究結果得知，在文化資產保存認知與地方依附具有相關，源自於居民對虎尾這塊土地保有著依附，而情感積累使居民主動性願意保存虎尾鎮文化資產，也盼望透過與在地特色的結合能帶動起在地觀光，提高就業機會。在文化資產保存的願付價格上，絕大數的居民對於支付一定金額來付費保存仍持保留的態度，居民希望除了透過付費之意願的方式外，能以自身力量協助文化資產保存、傳承下去。由此顯示，本研究結果希冀在未來能提供公部門與社區組織在文化資產保存上有所助益並作為參考之依據。

關鍵字

文化資產保存認知；地方依附；願付價格；灰關聯

並列摘要

Cultural heritage has been regarded as a symbol of a county and a nation. As for a community, it is a connection among people, environments, and cultures. Due to the special features in geography and history in early Taiwan, they create a great diversity of cultural heritage. However, those conflicts caused by some issues, such as imperfect policies and urban renewal, make cultural heritage damaged and even died away. Besides, the process of cultural heritage preservation is up-bottom management or leaded by public sectors. Community residents’ participation is less emphasized. However, for community residents, cultural heritage represents a significant meaning in their lives, which can be only interpreted by local cognition and support. Thus, cultural heritage located in a community can be well preserved. In the study, the researcher explores the relationship between community residents’ cognition of cultural heritage preservation and place attachment in Huwei town, and analyzes if community residents’ willingness to pay for cultural heritage influences the prices they are willing to pay. Thus, the study tries to seek the related problems existing in cultural heritage preservation. Research methodologies adopted in the study are literature review, quantitative analysis and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The researcher collects the data of community residents’ cognition of cultural heritage preservation and place attachment in Huwei town in 2009 and 2012 to explore the relationship between the two factors. As cultural heritage can not be tagged a market price, therefore, the researcher applies non-market evaluation to understand whether community residents in Huwei town are willing to pay for a certain fee to preserve local cultural heritage. The results of the study show that there is marked relationship between cognition of cultural heritage preservation and place attachment. The reason is community residents have the sense of attachment placement, which motivates the locals to be willing to preserve cultural heritage in Huwei town autonomously. Besides, it can be integrated with local characteristics to promote the local tourism industry and enhance the employment opportunities. As for willingness to pay for cultural heritage preservation, most residents keep reservations on this issue. They believe paying some fees is not the only way to preserve cultural heritage, but they can make their efforts to preserve it and pass it down to next generation. Clearly, the findings of the result can provide public sectors and communities a great indicator on managing cultural heritage preservation.