混成動力休閒車控制系統設計與製作

Design and manufacture of hybrid recreation car management system

李盈村(Ying-tsun Li)

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

混成動力系統是一種結合汽油引擎和電動馬達的動力系統，其改善汽油引擎排放污染的問題並解決電動車行駛里程不足的缺點。本實驗系統測試平台主要是由個人電腦，搭配資料擷取系統進行數據記錄與分析，系統包含動力源單元、傳動系統、行車阻抗模擬單元、轉速訊號感知單元與慣性模擬單元等所組成。
本文並針對混成動力休閒車之控制系統分別進行設計與製作，包含電子節氣門、電動馬達、電能充電器、殘電量計、轉速計與主控制系統等。系統性能測試分別以電動馬達模式、汽油引擎模式與混成動力模式操作，得出最佳的控制方式，以減少排放污染；並藉由電能充電系統，對電瓶進行電量回充，以增加行駛的里程數。
由實驗結果得知，本系統所發展的電子節氣門，其步階響應的最大超越量為0.23%，上升時間為0.48秒，最大動態誤差量為1.16%。如果以混成動力模式操作時，以自訂行車型態運轉作測試，在速度切換點(10km/hr)前由電動馬達作驅動，切換點之後則是由引擎作動。此時，系統亦可適時的對電池進行電能充電，充入電池內的電容量為0.04AH，電壓值也由初始25.5V，提升至27.04V。
實驗結果顯示，本研究所發展的混成動力休閒車控制系統是可行的，它可以改善引擎在低速時所排放的汙染，且可解決電動車行駛里程不足的問題，未來將相關技術移轉國內休閒車業者，期能成功開發一部具市場潛力的新型環保休閒車。

並列摘要

The hybrid system is a kind system of combination engine and electric motor. It reduces air pollution and solves insufficient distance traveled shortcoming of electric motor vehicles. The hybrid recreation motorcycle test bench consists of control system, power source unit, transmission, and data acquisition system.
The paper will focus on the design and implementation of electric throttle system, motor system, transmission system, energy recharged system, residual power meter, main controller, and then, constructed the testing bench. The test bench can run in three different modes: motor mode, engine mode, and hybrid power mode. At the final stage, system performance test will be carried out. Its result will be used for evaluation and simulation calibration. By using the calibrated simulation program, the control strategy will be analyzed, optimized and verified.
And then, the system develops electric throttle, the unit step response error 0.23%, the time of rising is 0.48 seconds, the dynamic error is 1.16%. If the system runs in hybrid mode, before the speed change point (10km/hr) is motor drive. When the speed of vehicle is faster then the speed change point, it will change to engine drive. At this moment, it can recharge 0.04AH to battery; the battery OCV will also be higher.
Finally, the hybrid motorcycle system is proved to be feasible and can reduce air pollution and solve insufficient distance traveled shortcoming. It can be designed and developed a new-type environmental protection recreation car with market potential.

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