五軸加工斜面特徵路徑規劃及運動模擬之研究

Tool Path Planning of Tilted Plane Features and Motion Simulation for Five-Axis Machining

蔡岳勳(Yueh-Hsun Tsai)

指導教授 ： 佘振華

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/創意工程與精密科技研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

現代自由曲面產品的設計漸趨複雜，若以傳統的三軸工具機進行加工時，通常必須考慮重複定位所產生的誤差以及夾治具設計與製造的成本，而多軸加工比三軸工具機多提供兩個額外旋轉自由度，可有效解決上述問題，因此，其已經成為目前精密切削的趨勢。本論文研究目的為規劃五軸加工傾斜工作平面之特徵，並發展加工傾斜面特徵之製程規劃系統。
由於多軸加工的零件，常具有斜面上的孔穴、凹槽等加工特徵，因此，本論文發展出加工傾斜工作平面特徵模組，提供常見幾何特徵，透過樹狀圖父子關係，讓使用者快速在傾斜平面編排加工特徵及加工順序，並完成刀具路徑規劃，其次再經由本論文所開發的後處理模組，將刀具路徑轉換成加工所需的NC程式。
本論文也發展虛擬工具機模擬模組，並加入刀具與機台碰撞檢測機能，此模組採用兩階段檢測方式，第一階段僅使用立方體進行粗估碰撞檢測，第二階段使用幾何元件(立方體、圓柱、圓球、圓錐等)進行細估碰撞檢測，而本模組也可以檢測用簡單幾何圖形所建立STL (Stereo Lithography)三角網格實體檔案，透過此功能模組能快速模擬及驗證路徑。最後透過實體切削模擬軟體VERICUT驗證本研究所開發後處理模組、傾斜平面特徵路徑及虛擬工具機模組之可行性與正確性。
關鍵詞：特徵樹、虛擬工具機、傾斜面特徵、碰撞檢測。

關鍵字

特徵樹 ； 虛擬工具機 ； 傾斜面特徵 ； 碰撞檢測

並列摘要

The design of free-form surface products becomes more and more complex. In traditional three-axis machine tool machining, errors due to repetitive positioning and the costs of fixture jig design and manufacturing must be taken into consideration. As multi-axis machining provides two more rotational degrees of freedom than three-axis machine tool, the former can solve the above problem, and thus, has become the trend of precision cutting. This study aimed to propose the tilted working plane feature for five-axis machining, and develop a process planning system for tilted plane feature.
As multi-axis machining parts often have holes and grooves on the tilted plane, this study developed the module for machining tilted working plane feature, which provides common geometric features, allowing user to compile machining feature and sequence on tilted plane quickly through parent-child relation in a tree diagram, and finish tool path planning. Using postprocessor module developed in this paper, the tool path is transformed into NC program required for machining.
In addition, this study developed virtual machine tool simulation module, with additional functions of cutting tool and machine collision detection. This module adopts two-stage detection, where the first stage uses only cube to make rough collision detection, the second stage uses geometric elements (cube, cylinder, sphere, cone, etc.) to carry out fine collision detection. This module can also detect STL triangular mesh entity file built on simple geometric patterns, so that users can simulate and verify tool path quickly through this functional module. This study employed the solid cutting simulation software, VERICUT, to verify the feasibility and correctness of the postprocessor, tilted plane feature path and virtual machine tool module developed in this study.

Keywords：Feature Tree, Virtual Machine Tool, Tilted Plane Features, Collision Detection.

並列關鍵字

Feature Tree ； Virtual Machine Tool ； Tilted Plane Features ； Collision Detection

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