台灣中小企業導入ERP關鍵成功因素之分析

Analysis of the Key Success Factors on ERP implementation for Taiwan Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

黃秋萍(Chiu-Ping Huang)

指導教授 ： 吳昌憲

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/資訊管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning，ERP )是企業建構數位時代價值鏈的基礎石。在這經濟快速變遷的時代，企業不僅需滿足顧客的需求，更需多方考量市場的環境生態。所以，透過資訊系統來管理整體運作環節，則更能彈性和即時地因應企業的經營管理需求，使得企業的運作符合制度化、速度化、經濟化。
ERP的功用保證即時地將正確、恰當的資源分配到所需部門；而且能有效推動企業業務模式和業務流程的創新。所以，企業如何正確地建構、應用ERP來協助整體企業的發展，將是眾多想引進ERP系統之企業期望了解的領域。
本研究透過文獻資料彙整出導入ERP系統的成功因素後，再採用德爾菲法進行因素之篩選，且依據李克特( Likert )五點量表方式設計問卷，採用10位專家作為調查對象，主觀判斷需刪減或增加之因素指標，直到所有專家趨於一致性的共識後結束德爾菲之問卷調查，完整確立本研究層級架構之各層面及評估準則。
接著，進行第二階段問卷調查，以李克特( Likert )五點量表來設計問卷。在許多有導入ERP系統的中小企業協助下，本研究共發出500份問卷，回收156份，其有效問卷為121份；無效問卷為35份，其有效問卷回收率為24.2%。
最後，再結合E公司個案實例來歸納出影響導入ERP系統之關鍵成功因素，逐項分析企業導入ERP系統過程中，影響成敗的關鍵因素並提出建議方法。希望透過本研究能有助中小企業導入ERP時，降低其導入風險與成本。

關鍵字

ERP ； 關鍵成功因素

並列摘要

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) was a system serving as the foundation for enterprises to create a value chain in digital era. Rather than satisfying customer’s need, the enterprises should also notice the market ecology carefully from all aspects. As a result, managing each segment in overall operation through information system could respond to the managing demand in a more flexible and timely pattern, to achieve the objective of institutionalized, speedy and economic operation.
Through literature review, this research summarized the key success factors (KSF) of integrating ERP, adopted the Delphi method to screen out factors, and designed the questionnaire based on Likert 5-point scale with ten professionals as interviewees. They eliminated or added factor indices with subjective judgment until gaining a consistent result, and established a precise hierarchical structure and evaluation standard in this research.
Thereafter, the 2nd run of questionnaire survey is designed with a Likert 5-point scale. With the aids from various middle and small business organizations introduced with ERP systems, there are 500 questionnaire sheets delivered for this research with 156 replies received. There are 121 valid replies and 35 invalid replies received wherein valid replies are rated at 24.2%.
Finally, it is further integrated with key factors for a practical example of E company successfully introduced with ERP. The critical factors in the successful ERP introduction process is analyzed item by item and suggestions are also proposed. Hopefully, thorough this research, when middle and small business organizations introduced with ERP, relevant risk and cost can be reduced.

並列關鍵字

ERP ； KSF

參考文獻

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