四軸CNC刀具外形量測機台開發

The study of the 4-axis CNC machine for detecting the End mill profile

謝宏坤(Hong-Kun Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 李炳寅

共同指導教授 ： 呂淮熏(Huai-Shiun Lu)

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/創意工程與精密科技研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近年來由於工業科技發展迅速，金屬加工仍為機械產業重要的一環，而刀具在金屬加工中是為極重要的角色。刀具尺寸精度會影響加工出來的品質，目前刀具量測儀器大都為手動式光學檢測系統，而目前自動化刀具檢測設備主要依賴國外進口，其價格較為昂貴，也無法得到其相關技術，所以刀具檢測自動化的開發實為重要。
本研究目的由花崗岩材料，設計零件的公差與配合，組成三個軸向以及Z軸的配重，加上第四軸刀具夾持系統。在機電系統方面，由伺服馬達搭配驅動器帶動平台移動，由PC-Based控制器下達命令動作，另外X、Y、Z軸由光學尺做回授給控制器，以達成全閉迴路控制，以提昇精度。利用Borland C++撰寫的人機介面，方便使用者操作。機器視覺系統，用CCD攝影機及LED光源，搭配機電系統建構出刀具影像量測系統，主要為量測刀具外形，利用影像疊加方法，進行量測。
本文開發之量測系統針對刀具進行自動化量測及提昇精度，為了驗證本系統，使用雷射干涉儀來驗證線性軸的精度，讓線性軸精度在正負2um內；機器視覺系統以專業的刀具量測儀(ZOLLER)驗證本系統之準確性。

關鍵字

機器視覺系統 ； CNC工具機 ； PC-Based

並列摘要

In recent years, due to the rapid development of industrial technology, metal processing machinery industry is essential, and in metal processing tool plays a very important role. The tool size will affect the quality of processing. The current measurement tool for manually operated machines is optical inspection system, but automated inspection tool relies on the imported equipment. It is prices of more expensive, and receives any of its related technologies, so the development of automated inspection tool is important.
In this study, by the granite material designs the tolerance and matches the part. The three components of axial and counterweight of Z-axis, and the fourth axis can clamp tool system will be assembly. In electronic and mechanical systems, the servo motor drives the mobile platforms, from PC-Based motion controller orders. X, Y and Z axis are equipped with linear encoders for feedback to the controller and in order to reach the entire closed-loop control to enhance accuracy. By Borland C++ the Human Machine Interface (HMI) can be designed. The HMI is user-friendly operation. The machine vision system includes CCD cameras and LED light source, electro-mechanical system and is to build the image measurement system. The tool profile can be measured by image overlapping method.
In this paper, automatic measurement system for the tool has been developed. By the system, the measurement precision can be enhanced. In order to verify the system, a laser interferometer is used to verify the accuracy of linear axis, so that the linear axis accuracy is better than 2 micrometer. To verify the accuracy of the machine vision system, a professional measurement instrument tool (ZOLLER) is applied.

並列關鍵字

Machine vision system ； CNC machine tool ； PC-Based

參考文獻

[1]黃國展，”電腦輔助容差分析”，台灣科技大學，機械工程研究所，碩士學位論文，2005。

[2]K.W. Chase, “Minimum-Cost Tolerance Allocation”, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, 1999.

[3]K.W. Chase, J. Gao and S.P. Magleby “General 2-D Tolerance Analysis of Mechanical Assemblies with Small Kinematic Adjustments”, Journal of Design and Manufacturing, 5, no. 4, pp. 263-274, December 1995.

[4]謝豪峰，”一維組裝公差模擬軟體發展”，中央大學，機械工程研究所碩士論文,，2006。

[5]黃家毅，”螺桿壓縮機組裝公差模擬分析”，中央大學，機械工程研究所，台灣，碩士論文，2007。