液壓傳動混合動力車輛之性能模擬與分析

Simulation and Analysis of Hydrostatic Transmission Hybrid Electric Vehicle Performance

楊靖斌(Jing-Bin Yang)

指導教授 ： 朱存權

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/材料科學與綠色能源工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究主要是建立一結合混聯式液壓混合車輛與並聯式混合動力車輛而成的液壓傳動混合動力車輛模擬軟體。將各子系統運作數學模式以Matlab&Simulink軟體建構，整合成一車輛性能反向動態模型，並輸入現行法規之行車型態，模擬此液壓傳動混合動力車輛運行時各部元件之響應。本研究利用實驗分析及電腦輔助設計軟體，取得各系統模擬參數，以增進模擬的正確性。由基本的規則式控制策略，模擬評估在不同系統設計參數或控制參數下，液壓傳動混合動力車輛性能之表現。
於系統參數取得實驗中，應用即時控制方法來控制液壓傳動系統之實驗平台，即時獲得液壓泵及液壓馬達之排量、液壓油之溫度、高壓端及低壓端之壓力、動力輸入及輸出源之扭力與轉速等資訊。實驗結果顯示，當液壓油在工作溫度範圍內，溫度變化對系統效率並無太大影響。當負載增加則洩漏增加，系統效率下降；轉速上升會使得系統洩漏減少，故系統效率上升。
模擬分析結果顯示，測試實驗平台液壓傳動系統傳輸功率規格較小，無法符合液壓傳動混合動力車輛行駛ECE-EUDC之需求，需使用較大規格的液壓傳動系統傳遞動力及較大蓄壓器才能完全回收煞車能量。使用蓄壓器回收能量，在純引擎模式有效減少起步時所造成污染。而雙動力切換點方式，可讓混合動力車輛在電瓶飽電時以較高速行駛，又不會造成電量不足。
整體研究結果顯示，本研究所完成之液壓傳動混合動力車輛的電腦模擬程式，能迅速改變設計參數與控制參數，探討其對車輛性能影響，將有益於協助工程師改善設計，縮短研發試誤及時程。

關鍵字

液壓混合車輛 ； 混合動力車輛 ； 液壓傳動系統 ； 電腦模擬

並列摘要

This research proposes a hydrostatic transmission hybrid electric vehicle by integrating the parallel-series hydraulic hybrid vehicle system and the parallel hybrid electric vehicle system. By applying Matlab&Simulink software to build the related mathematic equations of sub-models, a backward vehicle dynamic model had been established by inputting the driving constraint criteria according to the present regulations to simulate the output responses of the components of the hybrid vehicle. This research uses the experiment analysis and the computer auxiliary analysis software obtaining the system simulation parameters to improve the accuracy of the simulation results. We use basic rule-based strategy to simulate the hydrostatic transmission hybrid electric vehicle performance running in different parameters or the control strategies.
In the experiment to obtain system parameters, we use the real-time control methodology to control the test platform of the hydrostatic transmission system, and to get real-time feedbacks of hydraulic pump and motor displacements, the hydraulic fluid temperature, the pressures of high pressure point and low pressure point, the braking energy of hydraulic accumulator, and the torque and speeds of the input and output sources simultaneously. The experimental results showed that the hydraulic fluid temperature have little effect on the system efficiency. When the load increases, the leakage increase and result in decreasing system efficiency. The increase in speed allows the system to reduce leakage increasing system efficiency.
The simulation results showed that the specifications of the present hydrostatic transmission is not enough to meet the demands of the hydrostatic transmission hybrid electric vehicle in transmitting power and recovering braking power. The use of accumulator in accumulating braking energy is efficiently in reducing emission in the engine starting mode. The use of two-source operation mode allows hybrid electric vehicle driving on high speed in a full-power battery status, and avoids the battery power insufficient status occurring.
In summary, this research constructs a hydrostatic transmission hybrid electric vehicle simulation system. It provides the characteristics of changing the design parameters and the controlled parameters rapidly, and a quick reference for designing as well as shortening the designing procedure, which could reduce the hybrid vehicle cost and increase the commercial competitive ability of the products.

並列關鍵字

Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle ； Hybrid Electric Vehicle ； Hydrostatic Transmission Systems ； Computer Simulation

參考文獻

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