公共危險物品補貨策略之研究探討~ 以E化學公司為例

存貨管理 (Inventory management) 是企業管理的重點工作之一，存貨過多，會造成資金積壓且可能造成存貨過期、損壞、倉儲成本增加。但是存貨過少，則可能會因為缺貨，使工廠的生產中斷或是無法準時交貨。由於內政部在2016年5月2日公共危險物品及可燃性高壓氣體設置標準暨安全管理辦法修正後，擴大公共危險物品 (Public Hazardous Material) 的管制範圍，新增了閃火點 (Flash point) 200度至250度的可燃液體。個案E化學公司受限於現有公共危險物品自有倉庫 (Own warehouse) 儲存容量之上限限制，無法將超出自有倉庫儲存容量限制之公共危險物品數量儲存在其公共危險物品自有倉庫，而新建或擴建公共危險物品自有倉庫則是緩不濟急。本研究將透過建立適當的數學模式及求解演算法，來決定公共危險物品合適之補貨時間與補貨數量，並同時管理儲放於自有倉庫和外租倉庫 (Rented warehouse) 的庫存數量，以滿足E化學公司之生產需求，及遵守相關法令之規定，達到計劃時程內之總成本最小化。進而提供一個有效的評估方法，分析個案E化學公司在二個供應來源及雙倉倉庫情境下，公共危險物品使用外租倉庫之需求與經濟效益。

關鍵字

公共危險物品；存貨管理；雙倉；自有倉庫；外租倉庫

並列摘要

Inventory management is one of the key tsaks of enterprise management. When the inventory is too much, it will result in a backlog of funds, inventory expired, inventory damaged, and inventory storage costs increase. However, when the inventory is too little, it may cause out of stock, so that the factory production is interrupted or products cannot be delivered on time. The Ministry of Interior (MOI) of Taiwan amended the public hazardous substances and flammable pressurized gases establishment standards and safety control regulations on May 2nd, 2016. In this amendment, the range of the public hazardous substances has been expanded to include a new item, the combustible liquid, whose flash point is between 200 degree and 250 degree. However, the storage capacity of the public hazardous materials warehouse of the chemical company E, is limited. In order to comply with this new regulation, the chemical company E cannot store the new combustible liquid chemicals in its own warehouse when the quantity of the chemicals is greater than the storage capacity of the own warehouse. But building a new own warehouse or expanding the existing warehouse capacity is not in time from the aspect of the current operations. The study formulates the mathematical model and algorithm to determine the appropriate replenishment time and replenishment quantity for public hazardous material. At the same time, the model can manage the storage quantity in the own warehouse and rented warehouse to meet the chemical company E production requirements, and also compliance with the relevant law and regulation to minimize the total cost of the planning periods. Then, this study provides an effective assessment method to analyze the demand of the rented warehouse and economic benefits for public hazardous material under the conditions of the two suppliers and two warehouses.