中國大陸銀行多元化經營績效研究

The Research on Relationship of Diversification and Performance about Chinese Mainland Banks

陳倩(Chen, Qian)

指導教授 ： 葉銀華

國立交通大學/管理學院/財務金融研究所/碩士(2019年)

摘要

在研究銀行多元化經營與績效關係時，大部分學者主要選取非利息收入在營業收入中所佔比重來測量銀行多元化程度，這種測量方法未考慮利息收入的影響，也沒有對銀行的各項業務收入進行細分，略顯粗糙。為了探究具體是哪項業務對銀行績效產生顯著影響，本文採用各項業務收入佔營業收入比重來衡量銀行的多元化程度。另外過去文獻只有在研究大型商業銀行和股份制商業銀行，本文將城市商業銀行和農村商業銀行納入考量。
本文選取2006-2016年間中國大陸5家大型商業銀行和10家股份制商業銀行的財報數據，以及8家城市商業銀行和5家農村商業銀行在2011-2016年間的相關數據建立兩個大樣本組，分別做多元迴歸分析，得到多元化經營對銀行績效的影響結果。
本文的實證結果表明，對於大陸整體銀行業而言，發放貸款業務收入和顧問諮詢業務收入對銀行績效的影響最為顯著。由於在資產規模、經營業務和政策法規等方面的差異，大型商業銀行和中小型商業銀行的實證結果存在很大不同。大型商業銀行的多元化經營相對成熟，而中小型商業銀行需要在發展好傳統業務的基礎上進行多元化經營。

關鍵字

銀行業 ； 多元化經營 ； 績效 ； 利息收入 ； 非利息收入

並列摘要

When studying the relationship between bank diversification and performance, most scholars mainly chose the proportion of non-interest income in operating income to measure the degree of bank diversification. This measurement method did not consider the impact of interest income, nor did it subdivide the bank's various business. It was a bit rough. This paper uses various business revenues as a percentage of operating revenue to measure the degree of diversification. In addition, in the past, only the large commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks were studied in the literature. This paper takes the city commercial banks and rural commercial banks into consideration.
This paper selects the financial report data of 5 large-scale commercial banks and 10 joint-stock commercial banks in mainland China between 2006 and 2016, as well as the data between 8 city commercial banks and 5 rural commercial banks in 2011-2016. The large sample groups were separately subjected to multiple regression analysis and the results of diversified operations on bank performance were obtained.
The results of this paper show that for the mainland banking sector as a whole, issuing loan business income and consulting service income have the most significant impacts on bank performance. Due to differences in asset size, business operations, policies and regulations, the results of large-scale commercial banks and small and medium-sized commercial banks are different. The diversification of large commercial banks is relatively mature, and small and medium-sized commercial banks need to diversify their operations based on the well-done of their traditional businesses.

並列關鍵字

Bank ； Diversification ； Performance ； Interest Income ； Non-Interest Income

參考文獻

英文文獻

〔1〕 Huang,R. and Ratnovski,L., "The Dark Side of Bank Whole Sale Funding".IMF Working Paper,No.1223,2008.

〔2〕 RM Grant,AP Jammine,H Thomas, "Diversity,Diversification,and Profitability among British Manufacturing Companies".Academy of Management Journal,1988,31(4):771-801.

〔3〕 Ralf Elsas,Andreas Hacketha,Markus Holzhause, "The Anatomy of Bank Diversification",Journal of Banking&Finance,2010,1274-1287.

〔4〕 Laeven and Levine,2007 L.Laeven and R.Levine, "Is There a Diversification Discount in Financial Conglomerates? ",Journal of Financial Economics,2007,31-367.