印尼標準語中sendiri 副詞用法的語意

The Semantics of Sendiri in Standard Indonesian in Its Adverbial Uses

石莉莎(Sipayung, Elisabet)

指導教授 ： 廖秀真

國立交通大學/人文社會學院/外國語文學系外國文學與語言學研究所/碩士(2019年)

摘要

N/A

關鍵字

N/A ； N/A ； N/A

並列摘要

This thesis studies the adverbial uses of sendiri in Standard Indonesian. Sendiri can convey five different readings in its adverbial uses, i.e., the “only”-like reading, the “even”-like reading, the reading of “without external cause”, the “alone”-like reading, and the superlative reading. These five readings of sendiri are discussed in Gil (2000a), but Gil’s analysis has the following shortcomings: the inability of the mechanism, the problem of the superlative reading, and the reading restriction of sendiri.
Because of these shortcomings, it is important to propose a new analysis. But before any attempt to do this, the empirical facts must be made clearer first, in particular, because Gil’s analysis has a strong but doubtful presumption that sendiri in one syntactic position can have all the various meanings. So in this thesis, I study in detail how the reading of sendiri is affected by its syntactic position. Specifically, I provide the following generalization for the syntax-semantics correlation of sendiri in its various adverbial uses: sendiri appears at the sentence initial position for its “only”-like reading, and it is after the subject NP to convey its “even”-like reading, after the main predicate to convey its “without external cause” reading, and after the VP to convey the “alone”-like reading. Moreover, when it cannot get the “alone”-like reading in a post-VP position, it conveys the “only”-like reading instead. As for the superlative reading, sendiri can appear in three different syntactic positions: the sentence-initial position, the position after the subject NP, and the post-AP position. For the last reading, I also compare the derivation of this reading by the use of sendiri with its typical derivation and point out that the association with the subject NP is a crucial characteristic of adverbial sendiri.
This thesis provides several important empirical facts for the adverbial uses of sendiri. The findings will be the basis for us to understand better in future studies how a ‘self’ marker like sendiri may work to express various meanings and how it may function in an atypical way to convey a superlative reading.

並列關鍵字

Indonesian Sendiri ； Reflexive Intensifier ； Superlative Reading

參考文獻

Reference

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