中共中央軍委會變遷之研究（1949-1976）

The Research On Military Commission of the Central Committee of the CCP.（1949-1976）

王志嵩(Chih-Sung Wang)

指導教授 ： 齊茂吉

國立中央大學/文學院/歷史研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

1949年10月，中共建國後成立「中央人民政府人民革命軍事委員會」，任命毛澤東為軍委會主席，這次的任命，一直至1976年9月毛澤東病歿為止，毛共擔任了27年的軍委主席。此期間，中共中央軍委會曾多次的改組，然在改組的過程中，各派系不顧「戰爭年代」所培養出來的深厚革命情誼，甘願在毛澤東的操控下，展開無休止的鬥爭。何至於此，中共的原始文件又是如何記載？引起筆者一探究竟的決心。這也是筆者研究本論文之目的。
在研究的過程中，筆者蒐整了中共原始文件的相關書籍、期刊、雜誌、報紙等計百餘種，如《中共中央文件選集》、《中共軍事文件彙編》、《中共機密文件彙編》、《中共文化大革命重要文件彙編》等。另外，在傳記書籍方面，則有毛澤東、周恩來、彭德懷等中共第一代軍人傳記十餘種。這些材料提供了筆者研究本論文絕佳的參考資料。
筆者在本論文中主要是採取歷史研究法和內容分析法。經研究發現，中共1949年建國後，中共高層黨軍領導者角色之間的區隔仍不清楚，這是因為他們的權威仍然高度私人化。權力的來源基本上不是來自制度上的關聯，而是來自他們長期建立的個人關係。這種黨軍領導者權力源自於個人關係而非制度化的更替，即形成派系間相互傾軋鬥爭的重要因素，這也是為何中共中央軍委會歷次改組均以「非和平」手段收場的原因。

關鍵字

彭德懷 ； 文化大革命 ； 中央軍委會 ； 毛澤東 ； 周恩來

並列摘要

Will it be October 1949, the Communist Party of China establish '' revolution military committee, people of People''s Central Government, '' after the foundation of the state, military commission knows to a president to appoint Mao Zedong as, the appointment this time, die to Mao Zedong''s disease of September of 1976, Mao have been served as the chairman of the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the CPC for 27 years altogether. During this, the Communist Party of China Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee knows once numerous reorganization, but during the process of reorganizing, ignore '' during the war years '' the deep revolutionary friendly feelings trained out in every faction, willing under Mao Zedong''s control, launch ceaselessly struggle. What as for this, original document of the Communist Party of China how about record? Cause the resolution which author one visits on earth. This is the purpose that an author studies a thesis too.
During the process of studying, I have collected and sorted out relevant books, periodical, magazine, newspaper of the Communist Party of China''s original document,etc. Dr.eye: counted over one hundred kinds, if " the Communist Party of China document of the Central Committee selected works ", " the Communist Party of China military file collect ", " the Communist Party of China classified papers collect ", " the Communist Party of China the Cultural Revolution important file collect ". In addition, in biography books, there are such first generation of soldiers and more than ten kinds of biographies of the Communist Party of China as Mao Zedong, Chou En-lai, Peng Dehuai, etc. These materials have offered authors to study the excellent reference material of a thesis.
I mainly adopt the law of historical research and content analytic approach in this thesis; This thesis discovers, after the foundation of the state, the district between the leaders of party army role on the senior level of the Communist Party of China separated not yet clear in 1949 in the Communist Party of China, this is because of their still high individual of authority. It is related that the source of power does not come from the system basically, but come from the personal relation that they establish for a long time. Army''s leader''s power of this kind of party stems from the personal relation but not institutionalized replacement, form faction engage in internal strife important factor of struggle each other, why the Communist Party of China is this too Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee will all previous to reorganize the reason to wind up by '' non- peaceful '' means.

並列關鍵字

the Cultu ； Chou En-lai ； Mao Zedong ； Peng Dehuai

參考文獻

洪陸訓，《軍事政治學－文武關係理論》（台北：五南圖書公司，2002年）。

齊茂吉，《毛澤東和彭德懷、林彪的合作與衝突》（台北：新新聞文化事業股份有限公司出版，1997年）。

政治大學東亞研究所，1979年7月，頁38。

期，1995年，頁35－38。

洪陸訓，＜共黨國家的文武關係＞，《復興崗學報》第75期，2002年9月，頁1－30。