In this thesis, the topics on volume holography applied to both optical elements and optical storage are discussed. In the first topic, we propose and demonstrate a volume-holographic one-dimensional linear imaging optical element, atypical two-dimensional imaging and a volume holographic optical element for sensing rotation of a 3-D object. In the second topic, we propose and demonstrate a geometrical arrangement for free of pixel-misregistration during readout process with the rotation of disc to reduce the bit-error rate. Besides, we propose a one-dimensional spatial filter to increase radial selectivity in volume holographic optical discs.